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CEDAW - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979, para. 4
- Paragraph text
- 4. States Parties shall accord to men and women the same rights with regard to the law relating to the movement of persons and the freedom to choose their residence and domicile.
- Body
- United Nations General Assembly
- Document type
- International treaty
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1979
- Paragraph type
- Article
Paragraph
African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (Kampala Convention) 2009, para. 4
- Paragraph text
- Women and men as well as separated and unaccompanied children shall have equal rights to obtain such necessary identity documents and shall have the right to have such documentation issued in their own names.
- Body
- African Union
- Document type
- Regional treaty
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2009
- Paragraph type
- Article
Paragraph
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 63b
- Paragraph text
- [In the light of the foregoing, the Committee recommends that States parties that have not already done so:] Review and reform their nationality laws to ensure equality of women and men with regard to the acquisition, changing and retention of nationality and to enable women to transmit their nationality to their children and to their foreign spouses and to ensure that any obstacles to practical implementation of such laws are removed, in full compliance with articles 1 to 3 and 9 of the Convention;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Strengthening voluntary standards for businesses on preventing and combating trafficking in persons and labour exploitation, especially in supply chains 2017, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- Multi-stakeholder initiatives should ensure that assurance providers and auditors have demonstrated knowledge and experience in assessing compliance with labour-related standards and in interviewing workers on an ongoing basis. When risk indicators are identified, the initiatives should consider requiring the collaboration of assurance providers and auditors with civil society organizations that are specialized in victim identification and that provide specialized services for trafficked persons. Multi-stakeholder initiatives should ensure that specialized services address gender concerns and that services are offered to both men and women. They should also consider including forced labour and human trafficking experts in oversight bodies.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Stocktaking exercise on the work of the mandate on its tenth Anniversary 2014, para. 58a
- Paragraph text
- [Future mandate holders could focus on conceptual and definitional overlaps; the consequences of a human rights-based approach to trafficking; measuring the impact of anti-trafficking interventions, corruption and trafficking; and the effectiveness of victim identification tools. They should:] Consider undertaking studies in relation to emerging areas of concern, such as illicit recruitment practices, trafficking in men for forced and exploitative labour, trafficking for forced begging and criminal activities, trafficking for forced or servile marriage and return and the risk of retrafficking. They should also consider giving further attention to trafficking in persons for the removal of organs in continuation of the initial work undertaken by the Special Rapporteur;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
The first decade of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially women and children 2014, para. 79a
- Paragraph text
- [Future mandate holders could focus on conceptual and definitional overlaps; the consequences of a human rights-based approach to trafficking; measuring the impact of anti-trafficking interventions, corruption and trafficking; and the effectiveness of victim identification tools. They should:] Consider undertaking studies in relation to emerging areas of concern, such as (i) illicit recruitment practices, (ii) trafficking in men for forced and exploitative labour, (iii) trafficking for forced begging and criminal activities, (iv) trafficking for forced or servile marriage and (v) return and the risk of retrafficking. They should consider giving further attention to trafficking in persons for the removal of organs in continuation of the initial work undertaken by the Special Rapporteur;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Rights of rural women 2016, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- In line with general recommendation No. 32 (2014) on the gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women, States parties should ensure that rural women may acquire, change, retain or renounce their nationality, or transfer it to their children and foreign spouse under the same conditions as men, and that they are aware of their rights in this regard. States parties should also provide rural women with access to personal identification documents (such as identity cards, passports and social security numbers) and ensure that civil registration procedures, including for birth, marriage, divorce and death, are accessible in rural areas.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 63f
- Paragraph text
- [In the light of the foregoing, the Committee recommends that States parties that have not already done so:] Promote awareness of recent legal and policy development granting women equal rights with men to acquire, change or retain their nationality or that enable women to confer their nationality to their children and their foreign spouses;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 63d
- Paragraph text
- [In the light of the foregoing, the Committee recommends that States parties that have not already done so:] Consider permitting dual nationality where women have married foreign men, and for the children born of such unions, especially in situations in which legal regimes providing for dual nationality may lead to statelessness;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Developing the Global Compact on Migration 2016, para. 123i
- Paragraph text
- [The global compact should:] Ensure a robust gender analysis of the difference in the impacts of policies on men and women, with special attention to the ways in which restrictions on women's mobility as a means of protection violate their rights and create favourable conditions for smuggling networks to thrive, including the use of a gender lens at all stages and in all aspects of the discussion as specific consideration of gender in the context of bilateral agreements, detention/deportation and readmission/repatriation is also crucial;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Trafficking in persons in conflict and post-conflict situations 2016, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- The media should be adequately sensitized about the linkage between trafficking in persons, especially women and children, and conflict, and should be aware of its gender dimension, in order to be able to report correctly about incidents of trafficking affecting girls, boys, women and men living in such circumstances.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, especially in women and children
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
The impact of bilateral and multilateral trade agreements on the human rights of migrants 2016, para. 93d
- Paragraph text
- [To address the structural impact of international trade on the human rights of migrants, the Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Ensure that gender-specific considerations are adequately integrated into the development of such human rights impact assessments so that the impact of trade agreements on the human rights of migrant women and men are identified and effectively mitigated;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Detention of migrants in an irregular situation 2012, para. 72g
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls on States to consider progressively abolishing the administrative detention of migrants. In the meantime, Governments should take measures to ensure respect for the human rights of migrants in the context of detention, including by:] Giving particular attention to the situation of women in detention, ensuring that they are separated from men, and attended and supervised only by women officers, in order to protect them against sexual violence, and avoid the detention of pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Paragraph
Conclusion on Protracted Refugee Situations 2009, para. (k)
- Paragraph text
- Recognizes that protracted refugee situations can increase the risks to which refugees may be exposed and that, in this respect, there is a need to identify and respond effectively to the specific protection concerns of men, women, girls and boys, in particular, unaccompanied and separated children, adolescents, persons with disabilities, and older persons, who may be exposed to heightened risks, including sexual and gender-based violence and other forms of violence and exploitation; and encourages UNHCR and States to pursue age, gender and diversity mainstreaming and participatory approaches with a view to enhancing the safety, well-being and development of refugees and promoting appropriate solutions for them;
- Body
- Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Document type
- ExCom Conclusion
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Boys
- Children
- Girls
- Men
- Older persons
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2009
- Paragraph type
- OP
Paragraph
Adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living 2007, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- Expresses concern at the prevalence of homelessness and inadequate housing, the growth of slums worldwide, forced evictions, the increase in challenges faced by migrants in relation to adequate housing, as well as of refugees in conflict and post-conflict situations, challenges to the full enjoyment of the right to adequate housing caused by the impact of climate change, natural disasters and pollution, insecurity of tenure, unequal rights of men and women to property and inheritance, as well as other violations of and impediments to the full realization of the right to adequate housing;
- Body
- United Nations Human Rights Council
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2007
- Paragraph type
- OP
Paragraph
Personal Security of Refugees 1993, para. (b)
- Paragraph text
- Urges States to take all measures necessary to prevent or remove threats to the personal security of refugees and asylum-seekers in border areas and elsewhere, including by affording UNHCR and, as appropriate, other organizations approved by the Governments concerned prompt and unhindered access to them, by situating refugee camps and settlements in secure locations, by ensuring the safety of vulnerable groups, by facilitating the issuance of personal documentation, and by involving the refugee community, both women and men, in the organization and administration of their camps and settlements;
- Body
- Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Document type
- ExCom Conclusion
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1993
- Paragraph type
- OP
Paragraph
Gender equality and the empowerment of women in natural disasters 2012, para. 2h
- Paragraph text
- [Urges Governments and, where appropriate, United Nations entities, civil society, including non-governmental organizations and the private sector, and other stakeholders to:] Design, implement and evaluate gender-sensitive economic relief and recovery projects, including vocational and technical skills training measures, in order to help ensure equal economic opportunities between men and women, paying attention to eliminating obstacles to women's rapid integration or reintegration into the formal employment sector, owing to their role in the social and economic process, and taking into account the rural and urban migration that natural disasters may provoke;
- Body
- Commission on the Status of Women
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2012
- Paragraph type
- OP
Paragraph
Gender equality and the empowerment of women in natural disasters 2014, para. 4j
- Paragraph text
- [Urges Governments and, where appropriate, United Nations entities, civil society, including non-governmental organizations and the private sector, and other stakeholders:] To design, implement and evaluate gender-responsive economic relief and longer-term recovery projects, including vocational and technical skills training measures, in order to help ensure equal economic opportunities for men and women, paying attention to eliminating obstacles to women's rapid integration or reintegration into the formal employment sector, owing to their role in the social and economic process, and taking into account the rural and urban migration that natural disasters may provoke;
- Body
- Commission on the Status of Women
- Document type
- Resolution
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- OP
Paragraph
Conclusion On Women And Girls At Risk 2006, para. (k) iii
- Paragraph text
- [The empowerment of displaced women and girls is to be enhanced including by partnerships and actions to:] work with the displaced community, including men and boys, to rebuild family and community support systems undermined by conflict and flight and to raise awareness of the rights of women and girls and understanding of gender roles.
- Body
- Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Document type
- ExCom Conclusion
- Topic(s)
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Boys
- Girls
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2006
- Paragraph type
- OP
Paragraph
General Conclusion On International Protection 2004, para. (t)
- Paragraph text
- Acknowledges, consistent with UNHCR's Convention Plus initiative, the importance of comprehensive approaches, especially for the resolution of protracted and large-scale refugee situations, which incorporate, as appropriate and given the specifics of each refugee situation, voluntary repatriation, local integration and resettlement; encourages UNHCR, States and other relevant actors to pursue comprehensive arrangements for specific refugee situations that draw upon combinations of solutions; and notes that a community development approach, ensuring the participation of refugee men and women, and refugee children, as appropriate, contributes to the success of such solutions;
- Body
- Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Document type
- ExCom Conclusion
- Topic(s)
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2004
- Paragraph type
- OP
Paragraph
Conclusion On Women And Girls At Risk 2006, para. (c)
- Paragraph text
- Identification and analysis of the presence and severity of these different factors help determine which women and girls are at heightened risk and enable targeted responses to be devised and implemented. Identification can present particular challenges because women and girls are often less visible in displaced populations than men and boys, they may not be or feel able to report protection incidents, particularly if these occur in the private domain. It is therefore important to ensure an enabling environment which supports continuing identification and analysis of the situation.
- Body
- Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Document type
- ExCom Conclusion
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Boys
- Girls
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2006
- Paragraph type
- OP
Paragraph
Refugee Protection and Sexual Violence 1993, para. (c)
- Paragraph text
- Calls upon States and UNHCR to ensure the equal access of women and men to refugee status determination procedures and to all forms of personal documentation relevant to refugees' freedom of movement, welfare and civil status, and to encourage the participation of refugee women as well as men in decisions relating to their voluntary repatriation or other durable solutions;
- Body
- Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Document type
- ExCom Conclusion
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 1993
- Paragraph type
- OP
Paragraph
Article 3: The equality of rights between men and women - replaces GC No. 4 2000, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- As regards article 12, States parties should provide information on any legal provision or any practice which restricts women's right to freedom of movement, for example the exercise of marital powers over the wife or of parental powers over adult daughters; legal or de facto requirements which prevent women from travelling, such as the requirement of consent of a third party to the issuance of a passport or other type of travel documents to an adult woman. States parties should also report on measures taken to eliminate such laws and practices and to protect women against them, including reference to available domestic remedies (see general comment No. 27, paragraphs 6 and 18).
- Body
- Human Rights Committee
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2000
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Women migrant workers 2008, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- Women migrant workers may be unable to save or transmit savings safely through regular channels due to isolation (for domestic workers), cumbersome procedures, language barriers, or high transaction costs. This is a great problem since in general they earn less than men. Women may further face familial obligations to remit all their earnings to their families to a degree that may not be expected of men. For example, single women may be expected to support even extended family members at home.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2008
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- Articles 1 to 3 of the Convention also support the right of women to benefit, on an equal basis with men, from naturalization for themselves and their spouses. Discrimination against women in this respect impedes the reduction of statelessness. The same holds true when women are unable to confer their nationality on their stateless spouses. It may also create further risks of statelessness in the case of children born out of such unions.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Global trends in risks and threats facing human rights defenders 2015, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- In addition, women defenders complained of gaps in the responses of the various mechanisms and organizations that do not take men-women issues sufficiently into account (for instance, in resettlement programmes, from which families are often excluded). Women defenders likewise mentioned the need for them to be included from the outset in the preparation of programmes to protect them, in order to get away from a sometime paternalistic approach that plays down the challenges they face.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2015
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 1995, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- One fourth of all households world wide are headed by women and many other households are dependent on female income even where men are present. Female- maintained households are very often among the poorest because of wage discrimination, occupational segregation patterns in the labour market and other gender-based barriers. Family disintegration, population movements between urban and rural areas within countries, international migration, war and internal displacements are factors contributing to the rise of female-headed households.
- Body
- Fourth World Conference on Women
- Document type
- Declaration / Confererence outcome document
- Topic(s)
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 1995
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 61b
- Paragraph text
- [Article 9 (2) of the Convention requires States parties to ensure that women and men have equal rights to confer their nationality to their children. The non-fulfilment by States parties of their obligations under article 9 (2) places children at risk of statelessness. Nationality laws that grant nationality through paternal descent alone infringe article 9 (2) and may render children stateless if:] The laws of the father's country do not permit him to confer nationality in certain circumstances, such as when the child is born abroad;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 61c
- Paragraph text
- [Article 9 (2) of the Convention requires States parties to ensure that women and men have equal rights to confer their nationality to their children. The non-fulfilment by States parties of their obligations under article 9 (2) places children at risk of statelessness. Nationality laws that grant nationality through paternal descent alone infringe article 9 (2) and may render children stateless if:] The father is unknown or not married to the mother at the time of the child's birth;
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph
Gender-related dimensions of refugee status, asylum, nationality and statelessness of women 2014, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- Article 9 of the Convention establishes that women enjoy the rights to acquire, change or retain their nationality and to confer their nationality on their children on an equal basis with men. The Committee has interpreted that this right also applies to spouses.
- Body
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
- Document type
- General Comment / Recommendation
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Men
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Paragraph type
- Other
Paragraph