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Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 100
- Paragraph text
- Poverty and lack of a family environment are often the cause of institutionalization.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Families
- Año
- 2010
Párrafo
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 8
- Paragraph text
- Particular attention was paid to follow-up to the recommendations made by the above-mentioned mechanisms as well as to those of the United Nations study on violence against children, the Millennium Development Goals and the Rio de Janeiro Declaration and Call for Action to Prevent and Stop Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents of World Congress III against the Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents, held in Rio de Janeiro, November 2008, which commits Governments to pursue a set of specific, time-bound goals to prevent the sexual exploitation of children and adolescents, to put an end to the practice and to protect exploited children.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Adolescents
- Children
- Año
- 2010
Párrafo
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 35
- Paragraph text
- [The relatively few statements and reports filed does not reflect the actual extent of these offences and can be explained by the following:]
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2010
Párrafo
Comprehensive child protection systems 2011, para. 16a
- Paragraph text
- [The Convention of the Rights of the Child and its Optional Protocol are fundamental tools for strengthening the protection of children and punishing offenders. They provide extremely useful definitions, thus allowing all stakeholders to share a common understanding and interpretation of the following terms:] A "child" is defined as "every human being below the age of eighteen years unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier". The same definition applies to the Optional Protocol. Some States define a child as an individual under the age of 18, while others take into account the age of criminal responsibility or the age of consent to sexual activity. These variations can create uncertainty in law enforcement;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Comprehensive child protection systems 2011, para. 30f
- Paragraph text
- [With regard to protection, care and child-friendly procedures, comprehensive legal frameworks should:] Ensure free and easy access to legal remedies;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Comprehensive child protection systems 2011, para. 31b
- Paragraph text
- [With regard to prevention, comprehensive legal frameworks should:] Develop and implement strict international and national adoption laws foreseeing: (i) adoption as a last resort; (ii) the identification of suitable measures, which include the placement of children with their biological or extended family; (iii) preference for national adoption over international adoption; and (iv) the obligation to conduct compatibility studies between the adoptive family and a child given up for adoption, keeping in mind the best interests of the child, with a view to avoiding the sale of children for illegal adoption;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- This Protocol supplements the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which is the key international instrument for the protection of the rights of children, and in particular the right to be protected from all forms of abuse, violence, abandonment and exploitation (see in particular, article 34 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which recognizes the right of children to be protected from all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse and that all exploited children are rights-holders under the Convention on the Rights of the Child, especially with regard to recovery and reintegration under article 39).
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2010
Párrafo
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- This includes the "forced or compulsory recruitment of children for use in armed conflict" (pursuant to Convention No. 182 of the International Labour Organization (ILO) on the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour). The Committee on the Rights of the Child has found that the sale of children for use in armed conflict is covered by this provision of the Optional Protocol. The Committee has also found that the sale of children for use in camel racing can be considered to fall under the prohibition of the sale of children for their engagement in forced labour.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2010
Párrafo
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- The definition of a child, as it is set out in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, is not accepted by all. The concept of childhood is often confused with early childhood or even pre-adolescence. In practice, it is the community's attitude towards the physical, psychological and behavioural development of children that determines when a child becomes an adult. Social age is more important than real age: as soon as visible signs of pre-puberty appear, the child is no longer considered a child by society; he or she is expected to act like an adult and, more importantly, society evaluates his or her behaviour on that basis.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2010
Párrafo
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- It is argued that the stronger the links are between the child protection system and the community, the less need there is for mandatory reporting, because child welfare personnel will become aware of most cases of violence without it. Mandatory reporting may also create an adversarial relationship between families and child protection authorities, and discourage families from seeking assistance voluntarily; and it can stigmatize families affected by extreme poverty and unemployment when the scope of mandatory reporting includes neglect. These concerns underline the need for mandatory reporting to be adapted to the needs and circumstances of each society.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Poverty
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- Children on the move, including children who migrate, who are refugees or asylum-seekers are also at special risk of enduring violence without benefiting from counselling or having access to reporting or complaint mechanisms. According to the World Bank, approximately one third of migrants from developing countries are between the ages of 12 and 24. At times on their own, unable to speak the language and lacking information about existing child protection services, they are often afraid of approaching the authorities and of being deported, especially when undocumented. As a result, they may place themselves at further risk of violence and exploitation.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Comprehensive child protection systems 2011, para. 67b
- Paragraph text
- [Furthermore, monitoring institutions must:] Review the activities and impact of corporate social responsibility initiatives;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- In both developed and developing countries, children have easy access to new technologies (at home or at school, in clubs and at Internet cafes).
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2010
Párrafo
Effective Implementation of the OPSC 2010, para. 119
- Paragraph text
- Concerning the establishment by 2013 of mechanisms for the promotion and protection of the rights of the child, taking into account general comment No. 2 of the Committee on the Rights of the Child, some countries have mechanisms in place, but many others still do not have such mechanisms. These mechanisms should be enhanced where they already exist and should be put in place where necessary. Their role is to ensure the protection of children, the restitution of their rights, independent monitoring of the strategies and policies being implemented and advocacy for the strengthening of legal frameworks and, where necessary, to ensure that child victims have appropriate legal remedies, including the possibility of filing complaints.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2010
Párrafo
Comprehensive child protection systems 2011, para. 24a
- Paragraph text
- [A reliable information system should be based on the following principles:] A common understanding of the conceptual elements;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- In many countries important initiatives have been undertaken to raise public awareness about the need to protect children from violence, to promote non-violent and positive child-rearing and parenting skills, and to encourage child rights training for relevant professionals. Children's skills in violence prevention are enhanced through child clubs and debates in school settings and peer-to-peer initiatives, such as trainings and awareness-raising offered by youth for young people in community spaces. These valuable initiatives enhance the understanding of what child victims may endure, and encourage those at risk to feel confident in seeking help and reporting incidents of violence.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Education
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Comprehensive child protection systems 2011, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- In the Rio de Janeiro Declaration and Call for Action to Prevent and Stop Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents, the participants in the Third World Congress against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 25 to 28 November 2008, recommended the establishment by 2013 of independent institutions for the promotion and protection of the rights of the child, taking into account general comment No. 2 of the Committee on the Rights of the Child. The objective of such independent institutions is to ensure the protection of children, the restitution of their rights, independent monitoring of the strategies and policies being implemented, advocacy for strengthening legal frameworks and the availability of and accessibility to appropriate legal remedies, including the possibility of filing complaints.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Adolescents
- Children
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 19
- Paragraph text
- Extreme global weather conditions have a disproportionately negative impact on the world's poorest and most vulnerable people. It is known that the most vulnerable populations face different levels of risk and have different capacities to recover. A huge proportion of those at risk are children, many of whom are living in low-income countries. Save the Children estimates that over the next ten years, up to 175 million children are likely to be affected by natural disasters each year. Multiple interacting political and socio-economic factors increase children's vulnerability to sale and exploitation, and humanitarian crises, such as natural disasters, further increase this vulnerability.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Comprehensive child protection systems 2011, para. 77c
- Paragraph text
- [In order to ensure sustainable and efficient international cooperation to effectively prevent and combat the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, it is necessary to do the following:] Support and contribute to the international child abuse images database of the International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) and nominate a national focal point (person or unit) to collect and promptly update national data on the sexual exploitation of children and adolescents. Information should be shared systematically with INTERPOL to encourage cross-border law enforcement action, strengthen the effectiveness of such action and adopt multilateral agreements, especially for investigative work carried out by police forces;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Adolescents
- Children
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Protection of children from sale and sexual exploitation following humanitarian crisis due to natural disasters 2012, para. 27
- Paragraph text
- Children's vulnerability to sale and other forms of exploitation is increased in a natural disaster. Some people exploit the chaotic environment that follows a natural disaster to engage in criminal activities, such as selling children for the purposes of illegal adoption, forced labour or sexual exploitation. The situation enables them to circumvent national and international standards and remove children from their communities or the national territory. Furthermore, the collapse or absence of a State system during and after an emergency often results in a protection vacuum for children who may become separated from their families
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Child participation 2012, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- Education programmes have been developed in schools and represent a wide-reaching and potentially sustainable method of informing children. From 2008 to 2011, Barnardo's, a charity founded in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in 1866 to care for vulnerable children and young people, delivered a preventative education programme on child sexual exploitation intended to improve awareness and understanding of and response to sexual exploitation and to strengthen the confidence and ability of children and young people to resist unwanted sexual experiences. The programme, which included training and awareness-raising sessions, targeted local safeguarding children boards, schools and residential units from 25 London boroughs. In total, it involved 4,723 young people and 820 professionals. According to the final evaluation, published in 2011, half of the children involved demonstrated progress in identifying risk factors and safety strategies.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- The Thuthuzela Care Centres (TCCs) were introduced as part of a strategy by South Africa to address sexual violence against women and children. A TCC is a one-stop shop where victims are provided with comprehensive services such as counselling, interviews, medical examination, court preparation and investigation in a holistic, integrated and victim-friendly manner. Through ongoing coordination with relevant stakeholders, including police, health-care professionals, prosecutors, social workers and NGOs, the ultimate goal of the TCC is to address the social and medical needs of the victim, reduce secondary victimization, improve conviction rates and reduce the lead time for the finalization of cases. The Thuthuzela Information Management System enables TCCs to become proactive, to test emerging models for efficiency and effectiveness, to develop corrective and rehabilitative offender programmes and to strive for integration rather than only punishment.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Women
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Joint report with SRSG Violence against Children on child-sensitive complaint mechanisms 2011, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- Lessons identified in other studies include the need to secure the sustainability of these efforts by encouraging community "ownership", and to avoid interventions that may inadvertently stigmatize victims. Cooperation between community-based organizations and governmental agencies, in the form of training, clear definition of roles, coaching, case review and monitoring, can help reduce the risk of inappropriate interventions. Community-based organizations can help monitor complaint mechanisms, to ensure that they are child-sensitive and effective. The participation of children themselves can help ensure that services, in particular outreach to make victims aware of complaints mechanisms and services, are more effective.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2011
Párrafo
Child participation 2012, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- In Kenya, the Africa representative of the ECPAT International Child and Youth Advisory Committee, in collaboration with other young people, coordinated a campaign entitled "Make-IT-safe", intended to protect children from pornography. The campaign, aimed at raising awareness about violence in cyberspace, involved a petition-signing day that included online signing and distribution of T-shirts and stickers. This stimulated public interest in learning more about the issue and in setting up systems encouraging cybercafe owners to monitor content accessed by children and to ban the viewing of pornography on their premises. The campaign also attracted the attention of police and Government representatives. Following this initial success, young people brought the campaign to other parts of the country, working with cybercafe owners to set up monitoring systems and raising awareness of safe use of the Internet in schools and universities.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Youth
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Child participation 2012, para. 101f
- Paragraph text
- [A mapping and assessment of child participation must be carried out, in accordance with the relevant principles and standards, with a view to identifying the remaining achievements and gaps. The mapping process must involve all the principal stakeholders in child protection (public and private sectors, national human rights institutions, non-governmental organizations), including children and communities, with a view to ensuring effective and sustainable child participation. If necessary, legislative changes should be introduced to protect and promote child participation rights in order:] To provide active and sustainable support to children, including sufficient resources, qualified and confident staff and efficient training and support, so as to ensure their full participation and understanding;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Child participation 2012, para. 101e
- Paragraph text
- [A mapping and assessment of child participation must be carried out, in accordance with the relevant principles and standards, with a view to identifying the remaining achievements and gaps. The mapping process must involve all the principal stakeholders in child protection (public and private sectors, national human rights institutions, non-governmental organizations), including children and communities, with a view to ensuring effective and sustainable child participation. If necessary, legislative changes should be introduced to protect and promote child participation rights in order:] To establish and maintain a child-friendly and enabling environment that ensures protection and safety, and to design and implement awareness-raising programmes targeting adults (parents, caregivers, professionals and policymakers) with a view to changing social perceptions and promoting child participation in families, schools, institutions, communities and policymaking spaces;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Families
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Child participation 2012, para. 95
- Paragraph text
- Child participation is critical to the development of any national strategy based on child rights that is designed to prevent the sale and sexual exploitation of children and ensure their protection, recovery and reintegration. Child participation helps to widen the outreach of advocacy and awareness-raising initiatives and empowers children to gain confidence and trust and promote peer education about the harm caused by sale and sexual exploitation. Children's perspectives and experiences contribute to consolidating effective child protection systems and upholding a culture of respect for children's rights. Children's views and recommendations enrich the design of policies and the enactment of legislation.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Child participation 2012, para. 92
- Paragraph text
- The provision of accessible and child-friendly feedback to children on their participation is not institutionalized.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Child participation 2012, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- The recommendations and results of child-led research are not systematically taken into consideration and followed up on by the relevant institutions.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo
Child participation 2012, para. 101m
- Paragraph text
- [A mapping and assessment of child participation must be carried out, in accordance with the relevant principles and standards, with a view to identifying the remaining achievements and gaps. The mapping process must involve all the principal stakeholders in child protection (public and private sectors, national human rights institutions, non-governmental organizations), including children and communities, with a view to ensuring effective and sustainable child participation. If necessary, legislative changes should be introduced to protect and promote child participation rights in order:] To provide appropriate and sustainable support to child-led organizations and peer initiatives;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution, child pornography and other child sexual abuse material
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Medio de adopción
- N.A.
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2012
Párrafo