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The human rights of migrants on a 2035 agenda for facilitating human mobility 2017, para. Indicator (i)
- Paragraph text
- [Protect the labour and human rights of all migrants, regardless of their status and circumstances] Number of low-skilled workers, especially migrant women and children, who file complaints of labour exploitation and obtain compensation;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Developing the Global Compact on Migration 2016, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur stresses that, upon arrival, all irregular migrants should have proper individual assessments carried out for all their human rights protection needs, and not only for those who are manifestly refugees and victims of trafficking: children, families with children, pregnant women, persons with disabilities or illnesses and elderly migrants also have need of protection. Quick screening processes should not increase the risk of refoulement for those needing protection.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Labour exploitation of migrants 2014, para. 94
- Paragraph text
- Repeal sex-specific bans and discriminatory restrictions on women's migration on the basis of age, marital status, pregnancy or maternity status. Prohibit by law mandatory pregnancy testing and deportation of women migrants who are pregnant. Take all the necessary measures to combat gender-based violence.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Labour exploitation of migrants 2014, para. 54
- Paragraph text
- Migrant women also face discrimination due to pregnancy. Some countries subject women migrants to mandatory testing, and women who are pregnant risk losing their residence and work permits. The Special Rapporteur has received allegations concerning proposed regulations to deport pregnant migrant workers, which may in turn compel these women to seek unsafe abortions as their only option to stay employed, exposing them to serious health risks, including risk of death. Migrant women are also at risk of gender-based violence, particularly those who work as domestic workers. The Special Rapporteur has met with several women domestic workers who were victims of sexual harassment and abuse. Those who become pregnant as a result of rape seek to have unsafe abortions or abandon their babies in order to avoid being stigmatized upon their return to their home countries, where they may already have a husband and children. Migrant women who are sponsored by their husband, and whose residence status depends on him, are vulnerable to domestic violence. During one of his visits, the Special Rapporteur met with a migrant woman who ran away from an abusive husband, and he then proceeded to cancel her residence permit. Some women who migrate to work as domestic workers are deceived by their recruiters and end up in forced prostitution, amounting to trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Human rights of migrants in the post-2015 development agenda 2014, para. 89d
- Paragraph text
- [Indicators should include:] Time frame and coverage of laws that protect all migrants and their families against all forms of discrimination, labour exploitation, abuse, xenophobia, violence and related intolerance, with a focus on marginalized groups, including children and women;
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Human rights of migrants in the post-2015 development agenda 2014, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- Yet, irrespective of their legal status and circumstances, migrants most often do not seek redress for the human rights and labour standards violations that they suffer, given that they live in fear of detection, detention and deportation. This holds especially true for the most marginalized migrants, including those in an irregular situation and live-in migrant domestic workers, the overwhelming majority of whom are women.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Human rights of migrants in the post-2015 development agenda 2014, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- Migration can contribute to gender equality and the empowerment of women by providing women migrants with the income, status, autonomy, freedom and self-esteem that come with employment. Studies have shown that temporary migration is associated with higher school enrolment for girls in countries of origin. Migration can contribute to gender equality and the empowerment of women by providing women migrants with the income, status, autonomy, freedom and
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Human rights of migrants in the post-2015 development agenda 2014, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- Moreover, the post-2015 agenda must recognize that migration interacts with development in important areas beyond the workplace, including in the communities that migrants leave or join, health, education and cultural life. Thus, the participants in the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development recognized that sustainable development required the meaningful involvement and active participation of all affected, including migrants. As noted in the outcome document (General Assembly resolution 66/288, annex), their rights need to be effectively promoted, respected and protected, regardless of migration status, especially the rights of women and children. States need to address international migration through international, regional or bilateral cooperation and dialogue. They should strive for a comprehensive and balanced approach, recognizing the roles and responsibilities of countries of origin, transit and destination in promoting and protecting the human rights of all migrants, and avoiding approaches that might aggravate their vulnerability. In the Declaration of the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development (General Assembly resolution 68/4), the participants recognized the important contribution that migrants were making towards sustainable development and supported the call to adequately consider the inclusion of migrants in the sustainable development goals.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Global migration governance 2013, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur believes that there is potential for more engagement by the Human Rights Council on issues relating to the human rights of migrants. Mainstreaming migrants' rights in the Council's work in relation to, inter alia, the rights of the child, women's rights, xenophobia and racial discrimination, and rights of minorities should be considered.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Irregular migration and criminalization of migrants, protection of children in the migration process and the right to housing and health of migrants 2011, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur focused on the enjoyment of rights to health and to adequate housing for migrants. He recalled the applicable international legal framework and discussed the main challenges encountered by migrants in the enjoyment of these rights, with particular attention to the situations of migrant women and girls and children.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Enjoyment of the rights to health and adequate housing by migrants 2010, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- States should collect disaggregated data and develop indicators on access to the rights to health and adequate housing by all individuals, paying particular attention to vulnerable groups such as migrants in irregular situations, migrant children and women. The indicators should form the basis of rights-based interventions designed to promote access to the rights to health and adequate housing by all.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Enjoyment of the rights to health and adequate housing by migrants 2010, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- In the present report, the Special Rapporteur also outlines recommendations for States to consider in their efforts to respect, protect and promote the fundamental rights to health and adequate housing on an equal basis. Due to space limitations, he addresses only the aspects of these rights which are most pertinent to migrants and pays particular attention to migrant women and children, who warrant special protection.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Impact of the criminalization of migration on the protection and enjoyment of human rights 2010, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- States should effectively promote and protect the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all migrants, especially the rights of women and children, regardless of their immigration status, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations and international human rights law and standards.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Impact of the criminalization of migration on the protection and enjoyment of human rights 2010, para. 34
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is informed about the several obstacles to determine in practice if a police action is conducted for immigration or law enforcement purposes when profiling is used, and regrets that States are not sufficiently measuring the impact of their adopted policies. Information gathered by the Special Rapporteur indicates that profiling is widespread and, in some instances, institutionalized and that Governments are not collecting appropriate data in this connection. He also observes with dismay that in some instances law enforcement authorities disclose statistical information on crime that fails to distinguish between immigration offences and other offences. In addition, statistics on stops and searches fail to distinguish between immigration control and crime. This lack of distinction misleads the general public and nurtures a distorted image of widespread criminality among foreigners and migrant communities. He also regrets that gender considerations sometimes exacerbate the use of profiling, for example when anti trafficking initiatives aimed to prevent the movement of women or immigration restrictions target men from specific nationalities. Other issues of deep concern include the retention of information, such as biometric data, with no regard for the right to privacy.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Enjoyment of the rights to health and adequate housing by migrants 2010, para. 31
- Paragraph text
- Migrant women and girls also often experience different and more problematic pregnancy and gynaecological health issues, compared to the host population. Many arrive from countries with poor sexual and reproductive health services or information, including on family planning, or with little knowledge or experience in such services. Consequently, the rate of unwanted pregnancies among migrant women and girls may be high and they may be more exposed to risks of deportation or coercive abortion than women from the host country. Indeed, owing to the persistent discrimination against pregnant women, the number of requests for abortion in populations of migrant women and girls may be up to three to four times higher than that of host populations. Additionally, the absence of prenatal care may contribute to the high incidence of premature births, preeclampsia, and other complications among migrant women and girls. In some countries where citizenship is granted based on the jus soli principle (birthright citizenship), several obstacles and limitations have been put in place, intended to prevent migrant women from giving birth in the host country and thus acquiring citizenship for their children. Moreover, pregnant migrant women may be obliged to pay hospital fees based on their nationality or immigration status in cases where nationals do not have to pay. Particular concern is raised in relation to pregnant migrant women and girls in irregular situations who are charged for services rendered other than on an emergency basis.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The human rights of migrants on a 2035 agenda for facilitating human mobility 2017, para. Target 3.3.
- Paragraph text
- [Ensure respect for human rights at border controls, including return, readmission and post-return monitoring, and establish accountability mechanisms] Respect and protect the human rights of all migrants at borders, both at entry and return, with special attention paid to vulnerable groups, such as unaccompanied children, families with children, pregnant women, persons with disabilities, asylum seekers, refugees, potential victims of trafficking and elderly migrants
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Families
- Persons on the move
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Enjoyment of the rights to health and adequate housing by migrants 2010, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- States should fully take into account factors which affect access to housing by migrant women and girls. In particular, States should develop mechanisms to monitor workplace conditions of migrant women, especially where they are required to reside with their employers. States should ensure that migrant women workers have equal protection of the law and should provide accommodation for those who wish to leave abusive employers in the meantime.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Enjoyment of the rights to health and adequate housing by migrants 2010, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- States should provide appropriate training to civil servants working in the area of migration and health and sensitize them on the issues of discrimination against migrants, particularly with respect to migrant women and girls and children. States must ensure that migrants are not denied access to health care due to uncertainty among public service providers, such as nurses and doctors, about what the law allows them to do for migrants.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The human rights of migrants on a 2035 agenda for facilitating human mobility 2017, para. 40a
- Paragraph text
- [With that in mind, the Special Rapporteur proposes developing a 2035 agenda for facilitating human mobility, which would translate the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development into “bite-sized” and achievable goals, targets and indicators. The 2030 Agenda already refers, in certain Sustainable Development Goals, to the human and labour rights of migrants, including:] Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers, including migrants, especially women migrants, and those in precarious employment (target 8.8);
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Irregular migration and criminalization of migrants, protection of children in the migration process and the right to housing and health of migrants 2011, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- Female migrant workers engaged in domestic services were one of the most vulnerable groups of migrant workers. There appeared to be a widespread pattern of physical, sexual and psychological abuse of migrant domestic workers, and they were also often exposed to health and safety threats without being provided with adequate information about risks and precautions. Migrant women and girls also often experienced different and more problematic pregnancy and gynaecological health issues, compared to the host population.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2011
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Enjoyment of the rights to health and adequate housing by migrants 2010, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- In view of the specific health risks to which migrant women and girls are exposed, the gender dimension often involved in migration and the structural power relationships which frequently govern women's access to health care, States should provide adequate, appropriate and specialized medical assistance to migrant women and girls. States of origin should also provide free or affordable gender-sensitive pre-departure information and training programmes which raise migrant women's and girls' awareness of potential risks to their health.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Enjoyment of the rights to health and adequate housing by migrants 2010, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- As a matter of fundamental principle, States should fulfil the "minimum core obligation" to ensure the satisfaction of minimum essential levels of primary health care as well as basic shelter and housing for all individuals within their jurisdiction, regardless of their citizenship, nationality or immigration status, including migrants, migrants in irregular situations, migrant children and women. In times of severe resource constraints, the vulnerable members of society must be protected by the adoption of relatively low-cost targeted programmes.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The human rights of migrants on a 2035 agenda for facilitating human mobility 2017, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- Migrants may be more vulnerable to poor health by virtue of their often low socioeconomic status, the sometimes harrowing process of migration and their vulnerability as non-nationals in the new country. The mental health of migrants is an issue of concern, with factors such as human rights violations before or during the migration process, social isolation caused by separation from family and social networks, job insecurity, difficult living conditions, detention and exploitative treatment potentially having adverse effects. Migrant women and girls often experience more problematic pregnancy and gynaecological health issues as compared with the host population. Those working in domestic services face widespread physical, sexual and psychological abuse and thus require urgent health care and protection. Access to health care for migrants and the level of such care, however, varies enormously, depending on State policies and the immigration status of the migrant.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Girls
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The human rights of migrants on a 2035 agenda for facilitating human mobility 2017, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- Migrants, especially those with a precarious residence status, are vulnerable to abuse and labour exploitation. Certain categories of migrants, such as migrant women and children, temporary migrant workers and undocumented migrants are more intrinsically vulnerable to abuse, violence and exploitation. The physical, sexual and psychological abuse of female migrant domestic workers appears to be widespread, and they are often exposed to health and safety threats without being provided with adequate information and support. For most migrants, it can be very difficult or impossible to obtain meaningful access to an effective remedy for rights violations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Violence
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2017
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
The impact of bilateral and multilateral trade agreements on the human rights of migrants 2016, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur stresses that the services sector constitutes the largest employer for women worldwide and believes that well-facilitated and regulated migration can offer women unprecedented opportunities for financial independence and upward mobility. It is promising that regional agreements such as COMESA have prompted the elimination of discriminatory national legislation against women.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Labour exploitation of migrants 2014, para. 26
- Paragraph text
- Article 11 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women enshrines equal rights of men and women in the field of employment, including (a) equal remuneration, including benefits, and to equal treatment in respect of work of equal value; (b) the right to protection of health and to safety in working conditions; and (c) maternity protection.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Enjoyment of the rights to health and adequate housing by migrants 2010, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- Women face significant barriers in accessing adequate housing due to discrimination and migrant women are subject to multiple discrimination given their marginalized status in societies. Labour market opportunities for women from developing countries are often skewed towards care activities, domestic work and the informal sector, which often provide very low wages and labour protections. Clearly, the resultant low socio-economic status of migrant women adversely affects their access to housing.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Developing the Global Compact on Migration 2016, para. 8
- Paragraph text
- There are approximately 244 million migrants worldwide today - an increase of 41 per cent (71 million) since 2000. Most migrants originate from middle-income countries, with 59 per cent settling in developed regions, where they make up some 11 per cent of the population. Between 2000 and 2015, Asia received 1.7 million migrants per year, more than any other geographical region in the world, and is on track to overtake Europe as the area hosting the largest number of migrants in the near future. Women make up 48 per cent of all international migrants. In Europe and North America, the majority of migrants are female, while in Africa and Western Asia, the majority of migrants are male. Approximately 15 per cent of all international migrants are younger than 19 years of age.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Banking on mobility over a generation: follow-up to the regional study on the management of the external borders of the European Union and its impact on the human rights of migrants 2015, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- By 2025, more than 20 per cent of European Union citizens will be over 65 years of age, with a particular increase in those over 85. The population of elderly people will almost double, from 87.5 million in 2010 to 152.6 million in 2060. It is also expected that the share of those aged 80 and over will rise from 5 to 12 per cent. At the same time, many member States have fertility rates below the rate of replacement. An average fertility rate of 2.1 children per woman is estimated to be necessary to keep the population at a stable size between generations in developed countries. United Nations population data suggests that between 2010 and 2015 all European Union countries will have had average fertility rates below the 2.1 mark with the regional average being 1.6.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Older persons
- Women
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Recruitment practices and the human rights of migrants 2015, para. 21
- Paragraph text
- Responsible recruitment agencies charge fees for their services not to the workers but to the employer, in a business-to-business transaction. Migrants often seek work abroad because of their desire to overcome poverty and a lack of decent work opportunities in countries of origin. The decision to migrate can often be driven by extremely difficult economic circumstances and/or a shock, such as loss of land and/or employment, debt reaching unsustainable levels, family breakdown, the loss of a spouse, and/or family illness. Research undertaken by the ILO suggests that women sometimes have a less favourable socio-economic status and discrimination in countries of origin, meaning they therefore enter the migration process in the most precarious positions.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Poverty
- Person(s) affected
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph