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Privatization and the right to education 2014, para. 102
- Paragraph text
- Bearing in mind the above and the issues highlighted in the present report, the Special Rapporteur would like to offer the recommendations below.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2014
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Public-private partnerships in education 2015, para. 107
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur thus emphasizes the need for States to create a comprehensive regulatory framework to control public-private partnerships in education that is prescriptive, prohibitive and punitive.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Report on the Post-2015 Education Agenda 2013, para. 56
- Paragraph text
- A normative framework should be developed from a right to education perspective. That will in turn expand the legal framework for the right to education, and widen its connotations as an overarching right.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2013
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Public-private partnerships in education 2015, para. 74
- Paragraph text
- Any modality or arrangement for public-private partnerships should always be driven by a human rights approach, giving paramount importance to the norms and principles of the right to education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Public-private partnerships in education 2015, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- Public-private partnerships in education are not merely a matter of contractual arrangements in civil law, they are arrangements subject to human rights law, which remains of paramount importance.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Public-private partnerships in education 2015, para. 124
- Paragraph text
- Bearing in mind the above and the challenges highlighted in the present report, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2015
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Issues and challenges to the right to education in the digital age 2016, para. 28
- Paragraph text
- The digital revolution is taking place at a dazzling rate, as digital devices multiply learning pathways and diversify learning approaches.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Issues and challenges to the right to education in the digital age 2016, para. 66
- Paragraph text
- In the Qingdao declaration, the challenge of realizing the potential of digital technologies within a humanistic framework was identified.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2016
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 1
- Paragraph text
- The present report is submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution 8/4, adopted on 18 June 2008, which requested the Special Rapporteur to report also to the General Assembly. Since the submission of his previous report, the Special Rapporteur has held countless working meetings with governments, United Nations agencies and other multilateral bodies, teachers' unions, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), universities, students and national human rights institutions in almost all regions of the world. The Special Rapporteur wishes to thank the Latin American Committee for the Defence of Women's Rights for its assistance with the preparation of this report.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Person(s) affected
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 6
- Paragraph text
- The modern State, as a democratic construct, must ensure that all its citizens receive a good education and must not allow religious institutions to set patterns of education or conduct that are claimed to apply not only to their followers but to all citizens, whether or not they belong to the religion in question. Consequently, the Special Rapporteur has noted with particular concern various instances in which sexual education has been obstructed in the name of religious ideas. He reiterates that comprehensive education acts as a guarantor of a democratic and pluralistic environment.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 9
- Paragraph text
- One of the main methods used by the patriarchal system and its agents to maintain their sway is to deprive people of the possibility of receiving a human rights education with a gender and diversity perspective.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 10
- Paragraph text
- Sexuality is a complex process which, as human beings, we all without exception experience throughout our life and which has biological, psychological, social and cultural aspects that must be considered from a comprehensive viewpoint.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 11
- Paragraph text
- Enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health obviously includes sexual health. The Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, Mr. Paul Hunt, has defined sexual health as "a state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being related to sexuality, not merely the absence of disease, dysfunction or infirmity; sexual health requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion, discrimination and violence".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 12
- Paragraph text
- In order to achieve this state of well-being, we must be able to look after our health, deal positively, responsibly and respectfully with our sexuality and must therefore be aware of our needs and rights. This is possible only if we receive comprehensive sexual education from the outset of our schooling and throughout the educational process. To this end, school should foster pupils' critical thinking about the various expressions of human sexuality and interpersonal relations, without reducing the topic to a biological approach (reproduction).
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 14
- Paragraph text
- Comprehensive sexual education is extremely important in view of the threat of HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases, especially for groups at risk and persons in particularly vulnerable situations, such as women and girls exposed to gender-based violence or persons in difficult financial circumstances. In paragraph 16 of its General Comment No. 3, the Committee on the Rights of the Child has emphasized that "effective HIV/AIDS prevention requires States to refrain from censoring, withholding or intentionally misrepresenting health-related information, including sexual education and information, and that […] States parties must ensure that children have the ability to acquire the knowledge and skills to protect themselves and others as they begin to express their sexuality".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Girls
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 15
- Paragraph text
- There is no valid excuse for not providing people with the comprehensive sexual education that they need in order to lead a dignified and healthy life. Enjoyment of the right to sexual education plays a crucial preventive role and may be a question of life or death. Recognizing the need for the world's population to be educated in order to prevent HIV/AIDS, the Special Rapporteur also wishes to point out that restricting sexual education to the issue of sexually transmitted diseases gives a limited view of sexuality. In his opinion, reducing sexual education to these aspects may create an erroneous association between sexuality and disease, which is as harmful as associating it with sin.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 16
- Paragraph text
- The UNESCO International Guidelines on Sexuality Education define it as "an age-appropriate, culturally sensitive and comprehensive approach to sexuality education that include programmes providing scientifically accurate, realistic, non judgmental information. Comprehensive sexuality education provides opportunities to explore one's own values and attitudes and to build decision-making, communication and risk reduction skills about all aspects of sexuality".2 Similarly, the Special Rapporteur considers that pleasure in and enjoyment of sexuality, in the context of respect for others, should be one of the goals of comprehensive sexual education, abolishing guilt feelings about eroticism that restrict sexuality to the mere reproductive function.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 17
- Paragraph text
- In order to be comprehensive, sexual education must provide the tools needed for decision-making in relation to a sexuality corresponding to the lifestyle which each human being chooses in the context of his or her situation. For this reason, the sexual education given to children and young people is crucial. In fact, decision makers involved in formal education should consider sexual education as an essential way of enhancing education in general and promoting quality of life. It has been said that education for sexuality is "an essential part of a good curriculum".2
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Youth
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 18
- Paragraph text
- However much we try to avoid it, we are always sexually informed, by action or by omission, at school, in the family, through the media, etc. Thus deciding not to offer sexual education at teaching centres is opting for an omissive form of sexual education, that leaves girls, boys and adolescents on their own as regards the type of knowledge and messages, generally negative, that they receive on sexuality. When sexual education is not explicitly provided, in practice education follows the so-called hidden curriculum, with its potential load of prejudices and inaccuracies over which there can be no social or family criticism or control.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Boys
- Girls
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 20
- Paragraph text
- Thus, the right to comprehensive sexual education is part of the right of persons to human rights education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 22
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur wishes to make it clear that gender issues are not exclusively women's issues but also involve men, who can benefit from less rigid roles and more egalitarian relationships. When the Special Rapporteur refers to the need to mainstream gender into the programming and curriculum design of sexual education, the idea is that men's issues should also be explicitly included. This is crucial in order to ensure the cultural shift that human rights require our societies to make, since the goal of education for sexuality is also to construct affects and develop a transforming role for men by going beyond the strictly genital and physical aspect.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 23
- Paragraph text
- In order to be comprehensive, sexual education must pay special attention to diversity, since everyone has the right to deal with his or her own sexuality without being discriminated against on grounds of sexual orientation or gender identity. Sexual education is a basic tool for ending discrimination against persons of diverse sexual orientations. A very important contribution to thinking in this area was made by the 2006 Yogyakarta Principles on the application of international human rights law in relation to sexual orientation and gender identity. The Special Rapporteur fully endorses the precepts of Principle 16, referring specifically to the right to education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Person(s) affected
- LGBTQI+
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 24
- Paragraph text
- United Nations treaty bodies have viewed the lack of access to sexual and reproductive education as a barrier to compliance with the State's obligation to guarantee the rights to life, health, non-discrimination, education and information. For example, the Human Rights Committee has urged the removal of barriers to access by adolescents to information about safer sex practices, such as condom use. The Committees have also identified sexual education as a means of guaranteeing the right to health as it helps to reduce the maternal mortality, abortion and adolescent pregnancy rates and the prevalence of HIV/AIDS.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 29
- Paragraph text
- The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights protects the right to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health (art. 12) and the right to education (art. 13) and prohibits all forms of discrimination (art. 2). In its general comment No. 14 (2000), the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights interpreted the right to health as an inclusive right "extending not only to timely and appropriate health care but also to the underlying determinants of health", among which it highlighted "access to health-related education and information, including on sexual and reproductive health".22
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- All
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 30
- Paragraph text
- In its concluding observations, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights has called for the provision of education on sexual and reproductive health and has specifically recommended sexual education as a means of ensuring the right of women to health, particularly reproductive health, as well as full access to sexual education for all girls and young women, including in rural areas and indigenous communities. The Committee has also recommended the development of training programmes and counselling services on reproductive health and has expressed the view that sexual education and awareness campaigns are appropriate means of reducing maternal and infant mortality. The Committee has associated the lack of education with the practice of abortion as a primary means of family planning and has advocated education programmes aimed at eliminating female genital mutilation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Gender
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Ethnic minorities
- Girls
- Women
- Youth
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 33
- Paragraph text
- The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women imposes on States the obligation to eliminate discrimination against women in all public and private spheres of their lives, including education. Article 5 of the Convention calls on States parties to take all appropriate measures to modify the patterns of conduct of men and women "with a view to achieving the elimination of prejudices and customary and all other practices that are based on the idea of the inferiority or the superiority of either of the sexes or on stereotyped roles for men and women". Comprehensive sexual education is an indispensable means of achieving that goal. Article 10 (h) of the Convention provides that States should ensure women's "access to specific educational information to help to ensure the health and well-being of families, including information and advice on family planning".
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Families
- Men
- Women
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 39
- Paragraph text
- The European Committee of Social Rights set important standards on the right to sexual education in a landmark decision. The Committee decided that States parties to the European Social Charter were required to provide sexual education to young people on a scientific and non-discriminatory basis without censoring, withholding or intentionally misrepresenting information, for example as regards contraception. The Committee recommended that such education should be provided throughout the entire period of schooling and stated that education in sexual and reproductive health should be designed to develop the capacity of children and young people to understand their sexuality in its biological and cultural dimensions, which would enable them to take responsible decisions with regard to sexual and reproductive health behaviour. In its decision, the Committee expressed the view that States were required to ensure that sexual education programmes did not reinforce stereotypes or perpetuate prejudices regarding sexual orientation.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- Children
- Youth
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 40
- Paragraph text
- States are required to provide comprehensive sexual education to their people, especially children and adolescents, in compliance with the standards of availability, accessibility, acceptability and adaptability established by the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as regards the right to education. This is a State obligation of due diligence since, under international law, States must show that they have taken all the measures of a preventive nature that are necessary to fulfil their obligations to guarantee the right to health, life, non-discrimination, education and information by eliminating barriers preventing access to sexual and reproductive health and by providing in schools and other educational facilities comprehensive education for sexuality giving precise, objective and unbiased information. The Declaration "Preventing through education", signed by the Ministers of Health and Education of Latin America and the Caribbean in 2008, is a good example of recognition of States' obligation of due diligence in this regard.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Adolescents
- Children
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 41
- Paragraph text
- Article 23 of the Ibero-American Convention on the Rights of Young People establishes the right to sexual education: 1) The States Parties recognize that the right to education also includes the right to sexual education as a source of personal development, effectiveness and communicative expression, as well as information on reproduction and its consequences; 2) Sexual education shall be provided at all levels of education and shall promote responsible conduct in the exercise of sexuality, aimed at its full acceptance and identity and at the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS, unwanted pregnancies and sexual abuse or violence; 3) The States Parties recognize the important function and responsibility of the family in the sexual education of young people; 4) The States Parties shall adopt and implement sexual education policies, establishing plans and programmes ensuring information and the full and responsible exercise of this right.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Health
- Person(s) affected
- Youth
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph
Sexual education 2010, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur notes that in this region, the quality of education varies not so much from country to country as within each country. For this reason, the Ministries of Education and Health play a vital role in ensuring universal application of these policies. However, major shortcomings have been observed in teacher training, which tends to perpetuate stereotypical and even discriminatory ideas. This gap undermines teachers' confidence in their ability to provide quality opportunities as regards comprehensive sexuality education.
- Body
- Special Rapporteur on the right to education
- Document type
- Special Procedures' report
- Topic(s)
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Person(s) affected
- N.A.
- Year
- 2010
- Date added
- Aug 19, 2019
Paragraph