Plan International - Girls' Rights Platform - Girls' rights are human rights: Positioning girls at the heart of the international agenda

The General Assembly,

Recalling its resolutions 49/135 of 19 December 1994, 50/128 of 20 December 1995 and 55/284 of 7 September 2001 concerning the struggle against malaria in the developing countries, particularly in Africa,

Bearing in mind the relevant resolutions of the Economic and Social Council relating to the struggle against malaria and diarrhoeal diseases, in particular resolution 1998/36 of 30 July 1998,

Acknowledging that it is important and necessary for countries where malaria is endemic to adopt appropriate strategies to combat malaria, one of the most deadly of all tropical diseases, which annually causes at least one million deaths in Africa, where nine out of every ten cases of malaria occur,

Taking note of the declarations and decisions on health issues adopted by the Organization of African Unity, in particular the declaration and plan of action on the “Roll Back Malaria” initiative adopted at the Extraordinary Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity, held in Abuja on 24 and 25 April 2000, 1 as well as decision AHG/Dec.155 (XXXVI) concerning the implementation of that declaration and plan of action, adopted by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity at its thirty- sixth ordinary session, held in Lomé from 10 to 12 July 2000, 2

Welcoming the establishment of the African Union in Durban, South Africa, on 9 July 2002, in accordance with the provisions of its Constitutive Act, and the adoption of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development, 3

Acknowledging the efforts of the World Health Organization and other partners to fight malaria over the years, including the launching of the Roll Back Malaria Partnership in 1998,

Recognizing that malaria-related ill health and deaths throughout the world can be eliminated with political commitment and commensurate resources if the public is educated and sensitized about malaria and appropriate health services are made available, particularly in countries where the disease is endemic,

Emphasizing that the international community has an essential role to play in strengthening the support and assistance provided to developing countries, particularly African countries, in their efforts to reduce the burden of malaria and mitigate its negative effects,

Recognizing the importance of the development of effective vaccines and new medicines to prevent and treat malaria and the need for further research, including through effective global partnerships such as the various malaria vaccine initiatives and the Medicines for Malaria Venture, in securing their development,

Emphasizing the importance of implementing the United Nations Millennium Declaration, 4 and welcoming, in this connection, the commitment of Member States to respond to the specific needs of Africa,

1. Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General, 5 and calls for support for the recommendations contained therein;

2. Reaffirms the period 2001–2010 as the Decade to Roll Back Malaria in Developing Countries, Particularly in Africa;

3. Welcomes the high priority given to the fight against malaria in the New Partnership for Africa’s Development; 3

4. Takes note with satisfaction of the continuing efforts of developing countries, particularly those in Africa, to combat malaria through the formulation and implementation of plans and strategies at the national, regional and continental levels, despite their limited financial, technical and human resources;

5. Takes note of the real progress towards the implementation of those plans, most notably the increasing availability of insecticide-treated bednets, the growing use of preventive treatment of pregnant women and prompt access to treatment with effective drugs, that is being made in many countries in which malaria is endemic, particularly in Africa;

6. Stresses that the proclamation of the Decade will stimulate the efforts of African countries and the international community not only to roll back malaria worldwide, in particular in Africa where the burden is heaviest, but also to prevent its spread to previously malaria-free areas;

7. Appeals to the international community, United Nations bodies, international and regional organizations and non-governmental organizations to allocate substantial new resources, including through the Global Fund to Fight the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Tuberculosis and Malaria, for developing countries, particularly in Africa, with a view to enabling them to implement fully the plan of action adopted in Abuja for the “Roll Back Malaria” initiative; 1

8. Calls upon the international community and donor Governments to encourage and facilitate the transfer of needed technology to developing countries, particularly in Africa, on favourable terms, including concessional and preferential terms, as mutually agreed, for the production of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets, to avoid the difficulties encountered with re-treatment, and to find ways to increase the availability of the new range of artemisinin-based combination drugs for multi- drug-resistant malaria;

9. Commends the World Health Organization and its partners, and urges them to provide the necessary support for its ongoing measures to combat malaria in developing countries, particularly in Africa, and to provide the assistance necessary for African States to meet their objectives;

10. Calls for joint comprehensive efforts between Africa and the international community to ensure that by 2005 the following targets are achieved:

(a) At least 60 per cent of those at risk for malaria, in particular pregnant women and children under five years of age, benefit from the most suitable combination of personal and community protective measures, such as insecticide- treated bednets and other interventions that are accessible and affordable, to prevent infection and suffering;

(b) At least 60 per cent of all pregnant women who are at risk for malaria, especially those in their first pregnancy, have access to chemoprophylaxis or presumptive intermittent treatment;

(c) At least 60 per cent of those suffering from malaria have prompt access to and are able to use correct, affordable and appropriate treatment within twenty- four hours of the onset of symptoms;

11. Reiterates the need to ensure that measures to reduce the risk of malaria transmission, including source reduction and environmental management, such as ways to minimize mosquito breeding sites associated with existing and new development projects, are included in development planning and activities;

12. Requests the Secretary-General, acting in close collaboration with the Director-General of the World Health Organization, developing countries and regional organizations, including the African Union, to conduct in 2005 an evaluation of the measures taken and progress made towards the achievement of the mid-term targets, the means of implementation provided by the international community in this regard and the overall goals of the Decade, and to report thereon to the General Assembly at its sixtieth session;

13. Also requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its fifty-eighth session on the implementation of the present resolution.

The General Assembly,

Recalling its resolutions 49/135 of 19 December 1994, 50/128 of 20 December 1995, 55/284 of 7 September 2001 and 57/294 of 20 December 2002 concerning the struggle against malaria in developing countries, particularly in Africa,

Bearing in mind the relevant resolutions of the Economic and Social Council relating to the struggle against malaria and diarrhoeal diseases, in particular resolution 1998/36 of 30 July 1998,

Taking note of the declarations and decisions on health issues adopted by the Organization of African Unity, in particular the declaration and plan of action on the “Roll Back Malaria” initiative adopted at the Extraordinary Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity, held in Abuja on 24 and 25 April 2000, 1 as well as decision AHG/Dec.155 (XXXVI) concerning the implementation of that declaration and plan of action, adopted by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity at its thirty- sixth ordinary session, held in Lomé from 10 to 12 July 2000, 2

Also taking note of the Maputo Declaration on Malaria, HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Other Related Infectious Diseases, adopted by the Assembly of the African Union at its second ordinary session, held in Maputo from 10 to 12 July 2003, 3

Recognizing the linkages in efforts being made to reach the targets set in the Abuja Summit as necessary and important for the attainment of the “Roll Back Malaria” goal and the targets of the United Nations Millennium Declaration 4 by 2010 and 2015, respectively,

Also recognizing the urgent need for scaling up national malaria control programmes if African countries are to meet the intermediate target set by the Abuja Summit for the five-year period of 2000–2005,

Further recognizing that malaria-related ill health and deaths throughout the world can be eliminated with political commitment and commensurate resources if the public is educated and sensitized about malaria and appropriate health services are made available, particularly in countries where the disease is endemic,

Emphasizing the importance of implementing the Millennium Declaration, and welcoming in this connection the commitment of Member States to respond to the specific needs of Africa,

Commending the efforts of the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund and other partners to fight malaria over the years, including the launching of the Roll Back Malaria Partnership in 1998,

1. Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General, 5 and calls for support for the recommendations contained therein;

2. Calls upon the international community to continue to support the “Roll Back Malaria” partner organizations, including the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, as vital complementary sources of support for the efforts of malaria-endemic countries to combat the disease;

3. Appeals to the international community to ensure that the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria receives increased funding to support sound national plans to control malaria in endemic countries to be implemented in a sustained and equitable way that contributes to health system development;

6. Calls upon the international community to support ways of stimulating the development of manufacturing capacity of insecticide-treated nets in Africa and, in this connection, to encourage and facilitate the transfer of technology needed to make insecticide-treated nets more effective and long-lasting;

7. Recognizes the importance of the development of effective vaccines and new medicines to prevent and treat malaria, and the need for further research, including through effective global partnerships such as the various malaria vaccine initiatives and the Medicines for Malaria Venture, in securing their development;

8. Reiterates the need for expanded public-private partnerships for malaria control and prevention, and in this context urges petroleum companies operating in Africa to consider providing polymer for the manufacture of mosquito nets at reduced prices as a contribution to rolling back malaria in Africa;

9. Urges the pharmaceutical industry to take note of the increasing need for effective combination treatment for malaria, particularly in Africa, and to form additional alliances and partnerships to help to ensure that all people at risk have access to prompt, affordable and quality treatment;

10. Requests the Secretary-General, in close collaboration with the World Health Organization, developing countries and regional organizations, including the African Union, to conduct in 2005 an evaluation of the measures taken and progress made towards the achievement of the mid-term targets, the means of implementation provided by the international community in this regard and the overall goals of the Decade, and to report thereon to the General Assembly at its sixtieth session;

11. Also requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its fifty-ninth session on the implementation of the present resolution, under the agenda item entitled “2001–2010: Decade to Roll Back Malaria in Developing Countries, Particularly in Africa”.

The General Assembly,

Recalling its resolutions 49/135 of 19 December 1994, 50/128 of 20 December 1995, 55/284 of 7 September 2001, 57/294 of 20 December 2002 and 58/237 of 23 December 2003 concerning the struggle against malaria in developing countries, particularly in Africa,

Bearing in mind the relevant resolutions of the Economic and Social Council relating to the struggle against malaria and diarrhoeal diseases, in particular resolution 1998/36 of 30 July 1998,

Also taking note of the Maputo Declaration on Malaria, HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Other Related Infectious Diseases, adopted by the Assembly of the African Union at its second ordinary session, held in Maputo from 10 to 12 July 2003, 3

Recognizing the linkages in efforts being made to reach the targets set at the Abuja Summit as necessary and important for the attainment of the “Roll Back Malaria” goal and the targets of the United Nations Millennium Declaration 4 by 2010 and 2015, respectively,

Also recognizing the urgent need for scaling up national malaria control programmes if African countries are to meet the intermediate target set by the Abuja Summit for the five-year period 2000–2005,

Further recognizing that malaria-related ill health and deaths throughout the world can be eliminated with political commitment and commensurate resources if the public is educated and sensitized about malaria and appropriate health services are made available, particularly in countries where the disease is endemic,

Emphasizing the importance of implementing the Millennium Declaration, and welcoming in this connection the commitment of Member States to respond to the specific needs of Africa,

Commending the efforts of the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children’s Fund and other partners to fight malaria over the years, including the launching of the Roll Back Malaria Partnership in 1998,

1. Takes note of the note by the Secretary-General transmitting the report of the World Health Organization, 5 and calls for support for the recommendations contained therein;

2. Calls upon the international community to continue to support the “Roll Back Malaria” partner organizations, including the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, as vital complementary sources of support for the efforts of malaria-endemic countries to combat the disease;

3. Appeals to the international community to ensure increased support for bilateral and multilateral assistance to combat malaria, including support for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, in order to assist in the development of sound national plans to control malaria in malaria-endemic countries and their implementation in a sustained and equitable way that, inter alia, contributes to health system development;

4. Urges malaria-endemic countries to increase domestic resource allocation to malaria control;

5. Encourages all African countries that have not yet done so to implement the recommendations of the Abuja Summit 1 to reduce or waive taxes and tariffs for nets and other products needed for malaria control, both to reduce the price of nets to consumers and to stimulate free trade in insecticide-treated nets;

6. Calls upon malaria-endemic countries, in particular those in sub-Saharan Africa, to establish and strengthen policies and programmes to ensure a rapid scale- up in the coverage of insecticide-treated nets to at least 60 per cent of those at risk, wherever the use of such nets is the vector-control method of choice, by applying expeditious approaches, including targeted free or highly subsidized distribution to vulnerable groups;

7. Expresses its concern about the increase in resistant strains of malaria in several regions of the world;

8. Encourages all Member States experiencing resistance to conventional monotherapies to replace them with combination therapies, as recommended by the World Health Organization, in a timely manner;

9. Recognizes the importance of the development of effective vaccines and new medicines to prevent and treat malaria and the need for further and accelerated research, including through effective global partnerships such as the various malaria vaccine initiatives and the Medicines for Malaria Venture, where necessary stimulated by new incentives to secure their development;

10. Reiterates the need for expanded public-private partnerships for malaria control and prevention, and in this context urges petroleum companies operating in Africa to consider providing polymer for the manufacture of mosquito nets at reduced prices as a contribution to rolling back malaria in Africa;

11. Calls upon the international community to support investment in the development of new anti-malarial medicines and insecticides for the effective control of malaria in view of the challenging resistance of the parasite to anti- malarial medicines and the resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides;

12. Also calls upon the international community to support ways to expand access to artemisinin-based combination therapy for populations at risk of exposure to resistant strains of falciparum malaria in Africa, including the commitment of new funds, innovative mechanisms for the financing and national procurement of artemisinin-based combination therapy and the scaling up of artemisinin production to meet the increased need;

13. Further calls upon the international community to support coordinated efforts to improve surveillance, monitoring and evaluation systems so as to better track and report changes in the coverage of recommended “Roll Back Malaria” interventions and subsequent reductions in the burden of malaria;

14. Requests the Secretary-General, in close collaboration with the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children’s Fund, developing countries and regional organizations, including the African Union, to conduct in 2005 an evaluation of the measures taken and progress made towards the achievement of the mid-term targets, the means of implementation provided by the international community in this regard and the overall goals of the Decade, and to report thereon to the General Assembly at its sixtieth session;

15. Also requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its sixtieth session on the implementation of the present resolution under the agenda item entitled “2001–2010: Decade to Roll Back Malaria in Developing Countries, Particularly in Africa”.

The General Assembly,

Recalling that the period 2001–2010 has been proclaimed the Decade to Roll Back Malaria in Developing Countries, Particularly in Africa by the General Assembly, 1 and that combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis and other diseases is included in the internationally agreed development goals, including those contained in the United Nations Millennium Declaration, 2

Recalling also its resolutions 49/135 of 19 December 1994, 50/128 of 20 December 1995, 55/284 of 7 September 2001, 57/294 of 20 December 2002, 58/237 of 23 December 2003 and 59/256 of 23 December 2004 concerning the struggle against malaria in developing countries, particularly in Africa,

Bearing in mind the relevant resolutions of the Economic and Social Council relating to the struggle against malaria and diarrhoeal diseases, in particular resolution 1998/36 of 30 July 1998,

Taking note of the declarations and decisions on health issues adopted by the Organization of African Unity, in particular the declaration and plan of action on the “Roll Back Malaria” initiative adopted at the Extraordinary Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity, held in Abuja on 24 and 25 April 2000, 3 as well as decision AHG/Dec.155 (XXXVI) concerning the implementation of that declaration and plan of action, adopted by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity at its thirty- sixth ordinary session, held in Lomé from 10 to 12 July 2000, 4

Also taking note of the Maputo Declaration on Malaria, HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Other Related Infectious Diseases, adopted by the Assembly of the African Union at its second ordinary session, held in Maputo from 10 to 12 July 2003, 5

Recognizing the linkages in efforts being made to reach the targets set at the Abuja Summit as necessary and important for the attainment of the “Roll Back Malaria” goal and the targets of the Millennium Declaration by 2010 and 2015, respectively,

Also recognizing that malaria-related ill health and deaths throughout the world can be substantially eliminated with political commitment and commensurate resources if the public is educated and sensitized about malaria and appropriate health services are made available, particularly in countries where the disease is endemic,

Emphasizing the importance of implementing the Millennium Declaration, and welcoming in this connection the commitment of Member States to respond to the specific needs of Africa,

Commending the efforts of the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children’s Fund and other partners to fight malaria over the years, including the launching of the Roll Back Malaria Partnership in 1998,

Recalling resolution 58.2 adopted by the World Health Assembly on 23 May 2005 6 urging a broad range of national and international actions to scale up malaria control programmes,

Taking note of the Roll Back Malaria Global Strategic Plan 2005–2015 developed by the Roll Back Malaria Partnership,

1. Takes note of the note by the Secretary-General transmitting the report of the World Health Organization, 7 and calls for support for the recommendations contained therein;

2. Welcomes the increased funding for malaria interventions and for research and development of preventative and control tools from the international community, including from the Group of Eight, the United States of America, the World Bank and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, as well as the European Commission and other sources of bilateral funding;

3. Calls upon the international community to continue to support the “Roll Back Malaria” partner organizations, including the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, as vital complementary sources of support for the efforts of malaria-endemic countries to combat the disease;

4. Appeals to the international community to work towards increased and sustained bilateral and multilateral assistance to combat malaria, including support for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, in order to assist States, in particular malaria-endemic countries, to implement sound national plans to control malaria in a sustained and equitable way that, inter alia, contributes to health system development;

5. Urges malaria-endemic countries to work towards financial sustainability, to increase, to the extent possible, domestic resource allocation to malaria control and to create favourable conditions for working with the private sector in order to improve access to good-quality malaria services;

6. Calls upon Member States, in particular malaria-endemic countries, to establish and/or strengthen national policies and operational plans, aspiring to ensure that at least 80 per cent of those at risk of or suffering from malaria may benefit from major preventive and curative interventions by 2010, in accordance with the technical recommendations of the World Health Organization, so as to ensure a reduction in the burden of malaria by at least 50 per cent by 2010 and 75 per cent by 2015;

7. Urges Member States to assess and respond to the needs for integrated human resources at all levels of the health system, in order to achieve the targets of the Abuja Declaration on Roll Back Malaria in Africa 8 and the internationally agreed development goals of the United Nations Millennium Declaration, 2 and to take actions, as appropriate, to effectively govern the recruitment, training and retention of health personnel;

8. Calls upon the international community, inter alia, by helping to meet the financial needs of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and through country-led initiatives with adequate international support, to create conditions for full access to insecticide-treated mosquito nets, insecticides for indoor residual spraying for malaria control and effective antimalarial combination treatments, including through the free distribution of such nets where appropriate;

9. Requests relevant international organizations, in particular the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, to assist efforts of national Governments to establish universal protection of young children and pregnant women in malaria-endemic countries, particularly in Africa, with insecticide-treated nets as rapidly as possible, with due regard to ensuring sustainability through full community participation and implementation through the health system;

10. Encourages all African countries that have not yet done so to implement the recommendations of the Abuja Summit 3 to reduce or waive taxes and tariffs for nets and other products needed for malaria control, both to reduce the price of nets to consumers and to stimulate free trade in insecticide-treated nets;

11. Expresses its concern about the increase in resistant strains of malaria in several regions of the world;

12. Encourages all Member States experiencing resistance to conventional monotherapies to replace them with combination therapies, as recommended by the World Health Organization, in a timely manner;

13. Recognizes the importance of the development of effective vaccines and new medicines to prevent and treat malaria and the need for further and accelerated research, including by providing support to the United Nations Children’s Fund/United Nations Development Programme/World Bank/World Health Organization Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases and through effective global partnerships such as the various malaria vaccine initiatives and the Medicines for Malaria Venture, where necessary stimulated by new incentives to secure their development;

14. Calls upon the international community to support investment in the development of new medicines to prevent and treat malaria, especially for children and pregnant women, sensitive and specific diagnostic tests, effective vaccines, and new insecticides and delivery modes in order to enhance effectiveness and delay the onset of resistance, including through existing partnerships;

15. Also calls upon the international community to support ways to expand access to artemisinin-based combination therapy for populations at risk of exposure to resistant strains of falciparum malaria in Africa, including the commitment of new funds, innovative mechanisms for the financing and national procurement of artemisinin-based combination therapy and the scaling up of artemisinin production to meet the increased need;

16. Applauds the increased level of public-private partnerships for malaria control and prevention, including the financial and in kind contributions of companies operating in Africa, as well as increased engagement of non- governmental service providers;

17. Calls upon malaria-endemic countries to encourage regional and intersectoral collaboration, both public and private, at all levels, especially in education, agriculture, economic development and the environment, to advance malaria control objectives;

18. Calls upon the international community to support increased interventions, in line with the recommendations of the Roll Back Malaria Partnership, in order to ensure their rapid, efficient and effective implementation, to strengthen health systems, to monitor for counterfeit anti-malarial medicines and prevent the distribution and use of them, and to support coordinated efforts, inter alia, by providing technical assistance to improve surveillance, monitoring and evaluation systems and their alignment with national plans and systems so as to better track and report changes in coverage and the need for scaling up recommended interventions and subsequent reductions in the burden of malaria;

19. Urges Member States, the international community and all relevant actors, including the private sector, to promote the coordinated implementation and enhance the quality of malaria-related activities, including via the Roll Back Malaria Partnership, in accordance with national policies and operational plans that are consistent with the technical recommendations of the World Health Organization and recent efforts and initiatives, including the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness;

20. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its sixty-first session on the implementation of the present resolution under the agenda item entitled “2001–2010: Decade to Roll Back Malaria in Developing Countries, Particularly in Africa”.

The General Assembly,

Recalling that the period 2001–2010 has been proclaimed the Decade to Roll Back Malaria in Developing Countries, Particularly in Africa by the General Assembly, 1 and that combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis and other diseases is included in the internationally agreed development goals, including those contained in the United Nations Millennium Declaration, 2

Recalling also its resolution 60/221 of 23 December 2005 and all previous resolutions concerning the struggle against malaria in developing countries, particularly in Africa,

Bearing in mind the relevant resolutions of the Economic and Social Council relating to the struggle against malaria and diarrhoeal diseases, in particular resolution 1998/36 of 30 July 1998,

Taking note of the declarations and decisions on health issues adopted by the Organization of African Unity, in particular the declaration and plan of action on the “Roll Back Malaria” initiative adopted at the Extraordinary Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity, held in Abuja on 24 and 25 April 2000, 3 as well as decision AHG/Dec.155 (XXXVI) concerning the implementation of that declaration and plan of action, adopted by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity at its thirty- sixth ordinary session, held in Lomé from 10 to 12 July 2000, 4

Also taking note of the Maputo Declaration on Malaria, HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Other Related Infectious Diseases, adopted by the Assembly of the African Union at its second ordinary session, held in Maputo from 10 to 12 July 2003, 5 and the Abuja call for accelerated action towards universal access to HIV and AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria services in Africa, issued by the Heads of State and Government of the African Union at the special summit of the African Union on HIV and AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria, held in Abuja, from 2 to 4 May 2006,

Recognizing the linkages in efforts being made to reach the targets set at the Abuja Summit in 2000 as necessary and important for the attainment of the “Roll Back Malaria” goal and the targets of the Millennium Declaration by 2010 and 2015, respectively,

Also recognizing that malaria-related ill health and deaths throughout the world can be substantially eliminated with political commitment and commensurate resources if the public is educated and sensitized about malaria and appropriate health services are made available, particularly in countries where the disease is endemic,

Emphasizing the importance of implementing the Millennium Declaration, and welcoming in this connection the commitment of Member States to respond to the specific needs of Africa,

Commending the efforts of the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children’s Fund and other partners to fight malaria over the years, including the launching of the Roll Back Malaria Partnership in 1998,

Recalling resolution 58.2 adopted by the World Health Assembly on 23 May 2005 6 urging a broad range of national and international actions to scale up malaria control programmes,

Taking note of the Roll Back Malaria Global Strategic Plan 2005–2015 developed by the Roll Back Malaria Partnership,

1. Takes note of the note by the Secretary-General transmitting the report of the World Health Organization, 7 and calls for support for the recommendations contained therein;

2. Welcomes the increased funding for malaria interventions and for research and development of preventative and control tools from the international community, through targeted funding from multilateral and bilateral sources and from the private sector;

3. Calls upon the international community to continue to support the “Roll Back Malaria” partner organizations, including the World Health Organization, the World Bank and the United Nations Children’s Fund, as vital complementary sources of support for the efforts of malaria-endemic countries to combat the disease;

4. Appeals to the international community to work towards increased and sustained bilateral and multilateral assistance to combat malaria, including support for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, in order to assist States, in particular malaria-endemic countries, to implement sound national plans to control malaria in a sustained and equitable way that, inter alia, contributes to health system development;

5. Welcomes the contribution to the mobilization of resources for development by voluntary innovative financing initiatives taken by groups of Member States, and in this regard notes the International Drug Purchase Facility, UNITAID, the International Finance Facility for Immunization and the commitment to launch a pilot project in 2006 within the advance market commitment initiatives;

6. Urges malaria-endemic countries to work towards financial sustainability, to increase, to the extent possible, domestic resource allocation to malaria control and to create favourable conditions for working with the private sector in order to improve access to good-quality malaria services;

7. Calls upon Member States, in particular malaria-endemic countries, to establish and/or strengthen national policies and operational plans, aspiring to ensure that at least 80 per cent of those at risk of or suffering from malaria may benefit from major preventive and curative interventions by 2010, in accordance with the technical recommendations of the World Health Organization, so as to ensure a reduction in the burden of malaria by at least 50 per cent by 2010 and 75 per cent by 2015;

8. Urges Member States to assess and respond to the needs for integrated human resources at all levels of the health system, in order to achieve the targets of the Abuja Declaration on Roll Back Malaria in Africa 8 and the internationally agreed development goals of the United Nations Millennium Declaration, 2 to take actions, as appropriate, to effectively govern the recruitment, training and retention of skilled health personnel, and to give particular focus to the availability of skilled personnel at all levels to meet technical and operational needs as increased funding for malaria control programmes becomes available;

9. Calls upon the international community, inter alia, by helping to meet the financial needs of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and through country-led initiatives with adequate international support, to intensify access to affordable, safe and effective antimalarial combination treatments, intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancies, insecticide-treated mosquito nets, including through the free distribution of such nets where appropriate, and insecticides for indoor residual spraying for malaria control, taking into account relevant international rules, standards and guidelines;

10. Requests relevant international organizations, in particular the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, to assist efforts of national Governments to establish universal protection of young children and pregnant women in malaria-endemic countries, particularly in Africa, with insecticide-treated nets as rapidly as possible, with due regard to ensuring sustainability through full community participation and implementation through the health system;

11. Encourages all African countries that have not yet done so to implement the recommendations of the Abuja Summit in 2000 3 to reduce or waive taxes and tariffs for nets and other products needed for malaria control, both to reduce the price of the products to consumers and to stimulate free trade in those products;

12. Expresses its concern about the increase in resistant strains of malaria in several regions of the world, and calls upon Member States, with support from the World Health Organization, to strengthen surveillance systems for drug and insecticide resistance;

13. Urges all Member States experiencing resistance to conventional monotherapies to replace them with combination therapies, as recommended by the World Health Organization, and to develop the necessary financial, legislative and regulatory mechanisms in order to introduce artemisinin combination therapies at affordable prices and to prohibit the marketing of oral artemisinin monotherapies, in a timely manner;

14. Recognizes the importance of the development of safe and cost-effective vaccines and new medicines to prevent and treat malaria and the need for further and accelerated research, including into safe, effective and high-quality traditional therapies, using rigorous standards, including by providing support to the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases 9 and through effective global partnerships such as the various malaria vaccine initiatives and the Medicines for Malaria Venture, where necessary stimulated by new incentives to secure their development;

15. Calls upon the international community, including through existing partnerships, to increase investment in and efforts towards the research and development of new, safe and affordable malaria-related medicines, products and technologies, such as vaccines, rapid diagnostic tests, insecticides and delivery modes, to prevent and treat malaria, especially for at-risk children and pregnant women, in order to enhance effectiveness and delay the onset of resistance;

16. Reaffirms the right to use, to the fullest extent, the provisions contained in the World Trade Organization Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement), 10 the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, 11 the decision of the World Trade Organization’s General Council of 30 August 2003 12 and amendments to article 31 of the Agreement, 13 which provide flexibilities for the protection of public health, and in particular to promote access to medicines for all, including the production, under compulsory licensing, of generic drugs in the prevention and treatment of malaria;

17. Resolves to assist developing countries to employ the flexibilities outlined in the TRIPS Agreement in the fight against malaria and to strengthen their capacities for this purpose;

18. Calls upon the international community to support ways to expand access to and the affordability of key products, such as vector control measures, including indoor residual spraying, long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and artemisinin-based combination therapy for populations at risk of exposure to resistant strains of falciparum malaria in malaria-endemic countries, particularly in Africa, including the commitment of new funds, innovative mechanisms for the financing and national procurement of artemisinin-based combination therapy, and the scaling up of artemisinin production to meet the increased need;

19. Applauds the increased level of public-private partnerships for malaria control and prevention, including the financial and in kind contributions of private sector partners and companies operating in Africa, as well as increased engagement of non-governmental service providers;

20. Encourages the producers of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets to accelerate technology transfer to developing countries, and encourages malaria- endemic countries, including with the support of the International Finance Corporation, to explore and pursue possible opportunities to scale up production of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets;