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The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (v)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Adopt a clear policy framework for the inclusion of all persons with disabilities in all areas of housing policy and design, ensuring that those living in poverty or homelessness, women, ethnic, religious or linguistic minorities, indigenous peoples, migrants and both young and older persons are fully included;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Derechos sociales y culturales
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Pobreza
- Personas afectadas
- Jóvenes
- Minorías Étnicas
- Mujeres
- Personas con discapacidad
- Personas en movimiento
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (vi)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Design and implement both qualitative and quantitative data collection about the housing circumstances of persons with disabilities, disaggregated on the basis of the standard survey questions of the Washington Group on Disabilities;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82c
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] Civil society and organizations of persons with disabilities should take forward or support legal challenges to structural violations of the right to housing of persons with disabilities and seek systemic remedies.
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Gobernanza y imperio de la ley
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (xvi)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Ensure that local governments implement and adhere to the right to housing in all municipal action, including urban planning, zoning, planning of transportation and the production and maintenance of housing;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Derechos sociales y culturales
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (xv)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Ensure that refugees, internally displaced persons and migrants with disabilities enjoy their right to adequate housing, notably by including the relevant international human rights provisions in the forthcoming global compact on refugees and the global compact for safe, orderly and regular migration;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Gobernanza y imperio de la ley
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Moviemiento
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Personas en movimiento
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (i)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Prioritize and recognize in domestic law the obligation to realize the right to housing of persons with disabilities to the maximum of available resources, tying this legal obligation to the commitment to ensure adequate housing for all by 2030, in accordance with target 11.1 of the Sustainable Development Goals;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (ii)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Ensure that non-discrimination provisions are based on substantive equality, recognizing positive obligations to address the systemic inequality in housing experienced by persons with disabilities;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (viii)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Ensure that security of tenure and other legal protection in housing are developed and applied in a manner that recognizes the distinctive needs of persons with disabilities;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Derechos sociales y culturales
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (ix)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Ensure that the obligation of reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities is applied to public and private housing providers, financial actors and all aspects of the housing environment;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Derechos sociales y culturales
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (xiv)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Adopt accessibility requirements that apply to new housing and implement a clear time frame for ensuring accessibility within existing housing stock;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (x)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Ensure that all persons with disabilities can exercise their right to legal capacity in any issue relating to the right to adequate housing, including to have access to and sign contracts for credit and leases;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- Few marginalized groups suffer such egregious violations of the right to housing as do persons with disabilities. Across the world, they are commonly homeless, institutionalized and subjected to cruel and inhuman treatment for no reason other than their disability. They endure isolation, stigmatization and discrimination in all aspects of housing, whether access, design or policy development and implementation. Their very lives are imperilled by housing and communities that are based on exclusion and uniformity rather than inclusion and diversity. Yet it is on the basis of those experiences and the claims to equal dignity and rights advanced by those affected that the disability human rights paradigm has emerged. This paradigm has the potential to breathe new life into the right to adequate housing because it underscores and amplifies the essence of that right, namely, having a place to live in dignity, it allows persons with disabilities to participate in their communities and it recognizes diversity as a strength that makes households and communities thrive.
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Derechos sociales y culturales
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82b (i)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [Courts, tribunals and national human rights institutions should:] Interpret and apply domestic law in accordance with the right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities and in particular recognize that the rights to life, liberty, substantive equality and non-discrimination require Governments to address homelessness, provide support for living in the community and respond to the diverse housing needs of persons with disabilities;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Derechos sociales y culturales
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (xiii)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Provide adequate financial and other support to persons with disabilities in a manner that ensures choice as to where to live and how support will be provided and that covers the full cost of housing and related expenses;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- If the immense potential of the integration of the disability rights paradigm with the right to housing is to be realized, States and other actors will have to make a fundamental shift in the way in which they think about and interact with the human rights of persons with disabilities.
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (vii)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Address homelessness among persons with disabilities on an urgent basis and prioritize measures to address the circumstances of those living in informal settlements and homeless encampments;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82b (ii)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [Courts, tribunals and national human rights institutions should:] Ensure access to justice and effective accountability for all aspects of State obligations with respect to the right to housing of persons with disabilities, including budgetary allocations and the effectiveness of strategies and programmes;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Gobernanza y imperio de la ley
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (iv)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Ensure access to justice and effective accountability mechanisms for claims to the right to adequate housing by persons with disabilities, including when States have failed to adopt reasonable programmatic measures to realize the right;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (xii)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Establish an independent budgetary review mechanism to ensure that budget allocations for housing and related forms of support are consistent with the “maximum of available resources” standard;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Gobernanza y imperio de la ley
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (iii)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Ensure that all persons with disabilities are able to live free from institutionalization and that access to adequate housing, the requisite services and appropriately trained support is provided in the community;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing of persons with disabilities 2017, para. 82a (xi)
- Paragraph text
- [In that regard, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations:] [In consultation with persons with disabilities and their organizations, States should:] Ensure that the necessary support is provided to organizations of persons with disabilities to facilitate effective participation in all areas of housing policy and decision-making;
- Organismo
- Relator especial sobre una vivienda adecuada como elemento integrante del derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado
- Tipo de documento
- Informe de procedimientos especiales
- Temas
- Derechos sociales y culturales
- Igualdad & inclusión
- Personas afectadas
- Personas con discapacidad
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusión / Recomendación
Párrafo
Human rights criteria for making contract farming and other business models inclusive of small-scale farmers 2011, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- Governments should ensure that the degree of competition among traders is sufficient to prevent farmers from being locked into unequal relationships with a particular trader in the absence of alternative buyers for a given crop. In particular, Governments should ensure that the expansion of contract farming does not result in the dismantling of public support schemes and the privatization of agricultural extension services, which would narrow the range of options available to small-scale farmers and increase the asymmetry of power between unorganized small-scale farmers and private actors operating on a national, regional or global scale.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Acroecology and the right to food 2011, para. 46
- Paragraph text
- [The research community, including centres of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research and the Global Forum on Agricultural Research, should:] assess projects on the basis of a comprehensive set of performance criteria (impacts on incomes, resource efficiency, impacts on hunger and malnutrition, empowerment of beneficiaries, etc.) with indicators appropriately disaggregated by population to allow monitoring improvements in the status of vulnerable populations, taking into account the requirements of the right to food, in addition to classical agronomical measures.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Acroecology and the right to food 2011, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- [As part of their obligation to devote the maximum of their available resources to the progressive realization of the right to food, States should implement public policies supporting the adoption of agroecological practices by:] making reference to agroecology and sustainable agriculture in national strategies for the realisation of the right to food and by including measures adopted in the agricultural sector in national adaptation plans of action (NAPAs) and in the list of nationally appropriate mitigation actions (NAMAs) adopted by countries in their efforts to mitigate climate change;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Acroecology and the right to food 2011, para. 47
- Paragraph text
- At its 36th session, the Committee on World Food Security (CFS) requested its High-Level Panel of Experts (HLPE) to examine the respective roles of large-scale plantations and small-scale farming, and to review existing assessments and initiatives on the effects of climate change on food security and nutrition, with a view to informing the 37th CFS session. The HLPE and the CFS should assess the potential of agroecology to meet the current challenges in the areas of food security and nutrition, with a view to informing the preparation of the Global Strategic Framework for Food and Nutrition Security (GSF) in 2012, and to strengthening the consistency between the international agendas in the areas of climate change and agricultural development respectively.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Acroecology and the right to food 2011, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- [As part of their obligation to devote the maximum of their available resources to the progressive realization of the right to food, States should implement public policies supporting the adoption of agroecological practices by:] reorienting public spending in agriculture by prioritizing the provision of public goods, such as extension services, rural infrastructures and agricultural research, and by building on the complementary strengths of seeds-and-breeds and agroecological methods, allocating resources to both, and exploring the synergies, such as linking fertilizer subsidies directly to agroecological investments on the farm ("subsidy to sustainability");
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Acroecology and the right to food 2011, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- [Donors should:] engage in long-term relationships with partner countries, supporting ambitious programs and policies to scale up agroecological approaches for lasting change, including genuine multi-polar engagement with public authorities and experts and existing local organizations of food providers (farmers, pastoralists, forest dwellers) and the networks they form, such as ROPPA, ESAFF, La Via Campesina, and PELUM, which have accumulated experience that could be the basis for rapid scaling-up of best practices;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Acroecology and the right to food 2011, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- [Donors should:] encourage South-South and North-South cooperation on the dissemination and adoption of agroecological practices;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Fisheries and the right to food 2012, para. 62b
- Paragraph text
- [Flag States should protect labour rights in the fishing industry, including by ratifying and implementing the Convention concerning Work in the Fishing Sector (Convention No. 188). In addition, flag States should:] When engaging in fishing access agreements, agree to introduce provisions concerning conditions of work in the fishing industry; support the preparation of human rights impact assessments; and support the efforts of coastal States to regulate the fishing practices of industrial vessels operating in exclusive economic zones.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Fisheries and the right to food 2012, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- States should discharge their duties to respect, protect and fulfil the right to food in the fisheries sector by moving towards sustainable resource use while ensuring that the rights and livelihoods of small-scale fishers and coastal communities are respected and that the food security of all groups depending on fish is improved. This is a difficult balance to strike, but, without swift and bold action by States, the contribution made by fisheries to securing the right to food will diminish, with considerable consequences, in particular for poorer rural communities that depend on fisheries for both their nutritional needs and their income. Both coastal and flag States should accept their duties in this regard and should actively involve the fishing communities themselves, both in fisheries management and in the design and implementation of policies in adjacent sectors that could affect fishing.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Fisheries and the right to food 2012, para. 61d (v)
- Paragraph text
- [Coastal States and landlocked States with inland fisheries should:] Consistent with the pledge made at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (see para. 175 of the outcome document), strengthen access to fishery resources and improve the incomes of small-scale fishing communities by: Providing adequate social protection or safety net interventions to communities who depend on fishing for their livelihoods, in order to reduce the need for food-insecure and/or low-income groups to engage in coping but unsustainable fishing practices in times of crisis;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Fisheries and the right to food 2012, para. 61d (iii)
- Paragraph text
- [Coastal States and landlocked States with inland fisheries should:] Consistent with the pledge made at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (see para. 175 of the outcome document), strengthen access to fishery resources and improve the incomes of small-scale fishing communities by: Strengthening the position of small-scale fishers in the production chain, for example by supporting the formation of cooperatives and assisting them to expand into the high-added-value stages of the industry;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Fisheries and the right to food 2012, para. 63e
- Paragraph text
- [To preserve the long-term sustainability of fishing and the availability of local fish as food, in particular by combating overfishing, all States should:] Reduce the proportion of fish used for fishmeal purposes, including by promoting direct human consumption of some small and nutritious fish, curbing demand for fish proteins from fish higher up the food chain (such as tuna and salmon or farmed carnivorous species such as prawns) by affluent consumers, which leads to overexploitation of marine resources worldwide, and considering imposing restrictions on the proportion of fish that can be used for reduction purposes.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to an adequate diet: the agriculture-food-health nexus 2012, para. 49
- Paragraph text
- Combating the different faces of malnutrition requires adopting a life-course approach guaranteeing the right to adequate diets for all, and reforming agricultural and food policies, including taxation, in order to reshape food systems for the promotion of sustainable diets. Strong political will, a sustained effort across a number of years, and collaboration across different sectors, including agriculture, finance, health, education and trade, are necessary for such a transition. In line with these conclusions, the Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Assessing a decade of progress on the right to food 2013, para. 58i
- Paragraph text
- [In particular, the Special Rapporteur encourages:] The FAO Committee on World Food Security to serve as a catalyst to accelerate progress towards the establishment of legal, institutional and policy frameworks that are conducive to the full realization of the right to food for all, and to use the review of the implementation of the Right to Food Guidelines at its forty-first session in 2014 to encourage all member States to make effective use of the right to food to eradicate hunger and malnutrition;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Vision of the mandate 2014, para. 63
- Paragraph text
- Non-discriminatory access to the resources required for sustainable food production, such as agricultural land, water, seeds, fertilizers and technical knowledge, must also be guaranteed. Support for small-scale family farmers and food producers should be paramount in the adoption of future policies related to food security and food sovereignty. Policy prescriptions that typically call for the expansion of industrial-scale agricultural development and ignore the real threats to global food supply (such as biofuel expansion, inadequate investment in climate-resilient agriculture, lagging support for small-scale farmers and women food producers and the massive loss of food to spoilage and waste) must be reconsidered. It is imperative that a human rights-based approach to food security is adopted in order to eliminate hunger and provide access to healthy, nutritious and affordable food for all. In that regard, the Special Rapporteur proposes to adopt a qualitative rather than quantitative approach to the right to food during her mandate, in response to the current challenges facing all States in developing national food policies.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Personas afectadas
- Families
- Women
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Impact of climate change on the right to food 2015, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- Climate change poses unique and distinct threats to all aspects of food security, including availability, accessibility, adequacy and sustainability. Moreover, these threats are poised to affect a huge number of people, with 600 million additional people potentially vulnerable to malnutrition by 2080. Manifestations of climate change, such as an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather, global warming, a rise in sea levels and a decrease in the availability of water, have significant impacts on food security. As a result, crop failures and adverse impacts on livestock, fisheries and aquaculture will have an overall negative effect on people's livelihoods, with climate-induced food price volatility, nutritional deficiencies and diminishing quality of land and soil suitable for agricultural production a daunting reality. The consequences of failing to enact appropriate policies will pose a threat to global peace and security. As we are all living ever more interconnected lives, climate change should not be considered as affecting only those living in remote places.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Impact of climate change on the right to food 2015, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- This approach is wrong and counterproductive and will only serve to exacerbate the problems experienced by the current mode of agriculture. Rather, agriculture and food systems need to be reformed to ensure that they are more responsive to the challenges of climate change and environmental degradation, as evidenced by reduced reliance on fossil fuel-intensive production methods. More importantly, the reform should ensure that the right to adequate food of people is protected through appropriate levels of production as well as equitable access and just distribution.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of multilateral institutions 2014, para. 87a (ii)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls, therefore, upon multilateral institutions to:] Implement thorough and consistent policies that emphasize the importance of substantive engagement with civil society organizations and recognize that participation at the multilateral level is an inherent component of the right to freedom of association. Such a policy should grant civil society: Access to all meetings, processes and bodies (including through the final stages of decision-making) at all levels;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of multilateral institutions 2014, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur reiterates that the ability to peacefully assemble and freely associate is a key aspect of a vibrant democracy and critical for development. In today's globalized world, the meaning and practice of democracy stretches beyond national boundaries. Multilateral entities thus have positive responsibilities to actively protect peaceful assemblies and to establish and maintain an enabling environment for civil society. This is all the more valid when multilateral institutions claim to represent States, which are the primary actors accountable for the respect and promotion of civil liberties. In addition, the Special Rapporteur underlines the obligation of States to protect and facilitate the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association of those engaging with multilateral institutions.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Taxation and human rightss 2014, para. 79g
- Paragraph text
- [States must realize the full potential of tax collection as a tool to generate revenue for the fulfilment of human rights obligations and to redress discrimination and inequality. Human rights principles regarding participation, transparency, accountability and non-discrimination should be followed throughout the whole revenue-raising cycle. For this purpose, States should:] Ensure that people have access to all relevant data and information on fiscal policy and government revenues, including from the corporate sector, and include such information under right to information laws;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Taxation and human rightss 2014, para. 79m
- Paragraph text
- [States must realize the full potential of tax collection as a tool to generate revenue for the fulfilment of human rights obligations and to redress discrimination and inequality. Human rights principles regarding participation, transparency, accountability and non-discrimination should be followed throughout the whole revenue-raising cycle. For this purpose, States should:] Proactively disclose information on contracts, concessions and licensing agreements in the extractive sector and related information, including expected tax revenues and export royalty rates;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The implementation of the right to social protection through the adoption of social protection floors 2014, para. 53
- Paragraph text
- International civil society groups should mobilize effectively and in coalition with groups in other sectors to advocate and promote the Social Protection Floor Initiative. While the Center for Economic and Social Rights joined with a range of other groups, including Amnesty International, to call for a commitment to social protection floors in the sustainable development goals, the great majority of international human rights groups have said little and done less on the issue. It is essential to acknowledge that extreme poverty, which continues to afflict hundreds of millions of people, is a negation of all human rights. International civil society groups in the human rights field fight valiantly to eliminate torture, to reduce and expose extrajudicial executions, to reduce violence against women, to outlaw discrimination and the oppression of minorities and so on, but if the elimination of extreme poverty is not a central part of the collective human rights vision, it is a highly selective battle that is being fought.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Poverty
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Women
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The implementation of the right to social protection through the adoption of social protection floors 2014, para. 64
- Paragraph text
- International support, especially for low-income countries, seeking to develop social protection floors is essential. In 2012, two special rapporteurs put forward an important proposal for the creation of a global fund for social protection. That is a sophisticated and carefully calibrated proposal, which has garnered significant attention at the international level. It seems clear, however, that further reflection is required in order to ensure that the focus and the proposed modalities of the fund are optimal and acceptable to key actors. The Social Protection Inter-Agency Cooperation Board should consider establishing an expert group to review the proposal and to recommend an initiative designed to achieve the objectives identified.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Taxation and human rightss 2014, para. 79j
- Paragraph text
- [States must realize the full potential of tax collection as a tool to generate revenue for the fulfilment of human rights obligations and to redress discrimination and inequality. Human rights principles regarding participation, transparency, accountability and non-discrimination should be followed throughout the whole revenue-raising cycle. For this purpose, States should:] Institute fully transparent public oversight over the granting and monitoring of tax incentives, and conduct periodic assessments of social benefits and human rights compliance, informed by broad public participation, especially by individuals who will be most affected; and refrain from granting fixed-term tax holidays and tax stability agreements that may undermine accountability for evolving impact on human rights;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of multilateral institutions 2014, para. 87k
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls, therefore, upon multilateral institutions to:] Ensure that they have comprehensive and fair access to information policies in place, and that these policies include, inter alia, guarantees of timely and easy access to all information and documents, a limited list of specific exemptions, a public interest test, and an independent appeals board. In this regard, the Special Rapporteur recommends The Global Transparency Initiative's Transparency Charter for International Financial Institutions as a model;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Taxation and human rightss 2014, para. 79f
- Paragraph text
- [States must realize the full potential of tax collection as a tool to generate revenue for the fulfilment of human rights obligations and to redress discrimination and inequality. Human rights principles regarding participation, transparency, accountability and non-discrimination should be followed throughout the whole revenue-raising cycle. For this purpose, States should:] Review tax structures, codes and instruments for explicit and implicit gender bias and ensure they do not reinforce existing gender inequalities, including through their impact on unpaid care work;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of multilateral institutions 2014, para. 87l
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls, therefore, upon multilateral institutions to:] Have strict internal guidelines governing the policing of assemblies, rather than simply handing this function over to local authorities. These guidelines should mirror international law and good practices. Moreover, multilateral organizations should not organize major events likely to draw protests in locations where they cannot receive assurances that local authorities have the political will and technical capacity to uphold international standards. The Special Rapporteur also strongly recommends that multilateral institutions require domestic authorities to produce a report detailing how demonstrations, protests and other public gatherings around international events were managed by police, and that such reports be made public.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Challenges and lessons in combating contemporary forms of slavery 2013, para. 96
- Paragraph text
- Companies should engage with other actors across their industries and sectors; advocate for global action on contemporary forms of slavery both unilaterally and through membership or multi-stakeholder organizations; adopt codes of conduct and other corporate policies that explicitly prohibit forced labour and contemporary slavery; ensure that these policies are integrated throughout the company's management and performance systems; train all relevant staff, suppliers and other business partners on contemporary forms of slavery, and ensure that actions are taken beyond the first tier of the supply chain, where risks are greatest; and carry out risks assessments, audits and other forms of due diligence to determine, identify and root out any potential risk of exploitation.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Gender perspectives on torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment 2016, para. 70k
- Paragraph text
- [With regard to women, girls, and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons in detention, the Special Rapporteur calls on all States to:] Account for women's gender-specific health-care needs and provide individualized primary and specialist care, including comprehensive and detailed screenings and prerelease preparations, in a holistic and humane manner, in line with the Bangkok Rules; provide preventive and gender-sensitive care designed to safeguard women's privacy and dignity, including as regards mental health, sexual and reproductive health, HIV prevention and treatment and substance abuse treatment and rehabilitation programmes; and ensure that female detainees are examined and treated by female health-care professionals if they so request, except in emergency situations, when female staff should be present;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Girls
- LGBTQI+
- Women
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Effects of pesticides on the right to food 2017, para. 102
- Paragraph text
- International human rights law sets forth comprehensive State obligations to respect, protect and fulfil human rights. In particular, the rights to adequate food and to health provide clear protections for all people against excessive or inappropriate use of pesticides. Taking a human rights approach to pesticides guarantees the principles of universality and non-discrimination, under which human rights are guaranteed for all persons, including vulnerable groups, who disproportionately feel the burden of hazardous pesticides.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Effects of pesticides on the right to food 2017, para. 105
- Paragraph text
- In the words of the Director-General of FAO, we have reached a turning point in agriculture. Today’s dominant agricultural model is highly problematic, not only because of damage inflicted by pesticides, but also their effects on climate change, loss of biodiversity and inability to ensure food sovereignty. These issues are intimately interlinked and must be addressed together to ensure that the right to food is achieved to its full potential. Efforts to tackle hazardous pesticides will only be successful if they address the ecological, economic and social factors that are embedded in agricultural policies, as articulated in the Sustainable Development Goals. Political will is needed to re-evaluate and challenge the vested interests, incentives and power relations that keep industrial agrochemical-dependent farming in place. Agricultural policies, trade systems and corporate influence over public policy must all be challenged if we are to move away from pesticide-reliant industrial food systems.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Effects of pesticides on the right to food 2017, para. 103
- Paragraph text
- Implementing the right to adequate food and health requires proactive measures to eliminate harmful pesticides. Corporations have the responsibility to ensure that the chemicals they produce and sell do not pose threats to these rights. There continues to be a general lack of awareness of the dangers posed by certain pesticides, a condition exacerbated by industry efforts to downplay the harm being done as well as complacent Governments that often make misleading assertions that existing legislation and regulatory frameworks provide sufficient protection.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Effects of pesticides on the right to food 2017, para. 101
- Paragraph text
- While the present report has illustrated that there is no shortage of international and national legislation, as well as non-binding guidelines, such instruments are failing to protect humans and the environment from hazardous pesticides. These instruments suffer from implementation, enforcement and coverage gaps, and generally fail to effectively apply the precautionary principle or meaningfully alter many business practices. Existing instruments are particularly ineffective in addressing the cross-border nature of the global pesticide market, as proven by the widespread and often legally permitted practices of exporting banned highly hazardous pesticides to third countries. These gaps and inadequacies should be confronted on the basis of human rights mechanisms.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and press freedom 2010, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- Given that in at least 4 of every 10 cases involving the murder of journalists, the victims receive threats before being killed, the Special Rapporteur urges all Governments to investigate such threats and ensure effective protection, for example through witness protection programmes. In this regard, the Special Rapporteur notes that detailed guidelines and recommendations have been set out in the report of the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary and arbitrary executions (see A/63/313), the reports of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the right to the truth (A/HRC/12/19 and A/HRC/15/33) and the analytical study on human rights and transitional justice (A/HRC/12/18).
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and press freedom 2010, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is alarmed and concerned that the number of journalists and media personnel killed in 2009 was the highest since 1992, and that 81 per cent of those killings were deliberate and targeted. While the risk of armed conflict increases the risk to the lives of journalists and other media professionals, more journalists were killed in non-conflict situations, mostly for reporting on organized crime or drug trafficking, environmental matters or human rights violations and corruption, or for voicing criticism of Government or the powerful.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and press freedom 2010, para. 95
- Paragraph text
- In addition, the Special Rapporteur encourages journalists and citizen journalists to be aware of the dangers involved before entering a conflict or disaster zone and to receive appropriate training, including knowledge of first aid and munitions. In this regard, the Special Rapporteur notes that a number of media organizations have formulated guidelines for journalists so that they can be better prepared for assignments in a war zone. Such guidelines include the International News Safety Institute safety code, the Charter for the Safety of Journalists Working in War Zones or Dangerous Areas, developed by Reporters without Borders, and the Journalist Safety Guide of CPJ.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and media freedom 2012, para. 111
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur recommends that civil society organizations work to raise awareness of the risks faced by journalists, the international standards which exist to protect them, and how these might be implemented through campaigns and training initiatives; that civil society organizations, including journalists, make efforts to ensure that global standards of professional conduct are met in order to enhance the credibility and protection of journalists; and that they coordinate with one another and with the United Nations in order to ensure that their work is complementary.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to access information 2013, para. 107
- Paragraph text
- Government officials who release confidential information concerning violations of the law, wrongdoing by public bodies, grave cases of corruption, a serious threat to health, safety or the environment, or a violation of human rights or humanitarian law (i.e. whistle-blowers) should, if they act in good faith, be protected against legal, administrative or employment-related sanctions. Other individuals, including journalists, other media personnel and civil society representatives, who receive, possess or disseminate classified information because they believe that it is in the public interest, should not be subject to liability unless they place persons in an imminent situation of serious harm.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Humanitarian
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The implications of States’ surveillance of communications on the exercise of the human rights to privacy and to freedom of opinion and expression 2013, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- Individuals should have a legal right to be notified that they have been subjected to communications surveillance or that their communications data has been accessed by the State. Recognizing that advance or concurrent notification might jeopardize the effectiveness of the surveillance, individuals should nevertheless be notified once surveillance has been completed and have the possibility to seek redress in respect of the use of communications surveillance measures in their aftermath.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The implications of States’ surveillance of communications on the exercise of the human rights to privacy and to freedom of opinion and expression 2013, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- States cannot ensure that individuals are able to freely seek and receive information or express themselves without respecting, protecting and promoting their right to privacy. Privacy and freedom of expression are interlinked and mutually dependent; an infringement upon one can be both the cause and consequence of an infringement upon the other. Without adequate legislation and legal standards to ensure the privacy, security and anonymity of communications, journalists, human rights defenders and whistleblowers, for example, cannot be assured that their communications will not be subject to States' scrutiny.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The protection of sources and whistle-blowers 2015, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- National legal frameworks must protect the confidentiality of sources of journalists and of others who may engage in the dissemination of information of public interest. Laws guaranteeing confidentiality must reach beyond professional journalists, including those who may be performing a vital role in providing wide access to information of public interest such as bloggers, "citizen journalists", members of non-governmental organizations, authors and academics, all of whom may conduct research and disclose information in the public interest. Protection should be based on function, not on a formal title.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The protection of sources and whistle-blowers 2015, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- All the above recommendations to States apply to the United Nations and other international organizations. In addition, the United Nations and international organizations should adopt effective norms and policies of transparency to enable the public to have greater access to information. Specific norms protecting whistle-blowers should follow similar criteria to those provided in the recommendations to States: wide scope of application, promotion of disclosure of information in the public interest and clarity in the mechanisms for reporting and requesting protection. Particular attention must be paid to the effectiveness and independence of existing reporting and justice mechanisms, given the lack of access of whistle-blowers to any other formal justice system.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The protection of sources and whistle-blowers 2015, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- Protections against retaliation should apply in all public institutions, including those connected to national security. Given that prosecutions generally deter whistle-blowing, States should avoid them, reserving them, if at all, for exceptional cases of the most serious demonstrable harm to a specific legitimate interest. In such situations, the State should bear the burden of proving an intent to cause harm, and defendants should be granted (a) the ability to present a defence of an overriding public interest in the information, and (b) access to all information necessary to mount a full defence, including otherwise classified information. Penalties should take into account the intent of the whistle-blower to disclose information of public interest and meet international standards of legality, due process and proportionality.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Freedom of expression, States and the private sector in the digital age 2016, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- States bear a primary responsibility to protect and respect the right to exercise freedom of opinion and expression. In the information and communication technology context, this means that States must not require or otherwise pressure the private sector to take steps that unnecessarily or disproportionately interfere with freedom of expression, whether through laws, policies, or extralegal means. Any demands, requests and other measures to take down digital content or access customer information must be based on validly enacted law, subject to external and independent oversight, and demonstrate a necessary and proportionate means of achieving one or more aims under article 19 (3) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Particularly in the context of regulating the private sector, State laws and policies must be transparently adopted and implemented.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 74a
- Paragraph text
- [In relation to recommendations pertaining to the exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, the Special Rapporteur reiterates all the recommendations contained in his previous thematic reports. They are all the more relevant for individuals belonging to groups most at risk whose rights are more likely to be violated or unduly restricted. In particular, he calls upon States to:] Ensure that no individual belonging to a group most at risk is criminalized for exercising his/her rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, nor is subject to threats or use of violence, harassment, persecution, intimidation or reprisals;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Comparative study of enabling environments for associations and businesses 2015, para. 106
- Paragraph text
- He believes that these differences are motivated more by politics than practicality. Economic and commercial interests are prized over what are perceived as non-economic activities. Consequently, the influence and opinions of industry take precedence in State policy over social justice and fundamental rights. This approach ignores the fact that a vibrant civil society is essential for sustainable economic development, and that businesses benefit from an empowered civil society sector.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 74g
- Paragraph text
- [In relation to recommendations pertaining to the exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, the Special Rapporteur reiterates all the recommendations contained in his previous thematic reports. They are all the more relevant for individuals belonging to groups most at risk whose rights are more likely to be violated or unduly restricted. In particular, he calls upon States to:] Ensure that individuals belonging to groups most at risk who are victims of violations and abuse of their rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association have the right to a timely and effective remedy and obtain redress.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Criminalisation of sexual and reproductive health 2011, para. 65l
- Paragraph text
- [In applying a right-to-health approach, States should undertake reforms toward the development and implementation of policies and programmes relating to sexual and reproductive health as required by international human rights law. In that context, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to:] Ensure that accurate, evidence-based information concerning abortion and its legal availability is publicly available and that health-care providers are fully aware of the law related to abortion and its exceptions;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Criminalisation of sexual and reproductive health 2011, para. 65n
- Paragraph text
- [In applying a right-to-health approach, States should undertake reforms toward the development and implementation of policies and programmes relating to sexual and reproductive health as required by international human rights law. In that context, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to:] Suspend/abolish the application of existing criminal laws to various forms of conduct during pregnancy, such as conduct related to treatment of the foetus, most notably miscarriage, alcohol and drug consumption and HIV transmission.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Women
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 76n
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that sending and receiving States take the following steps in order to realize the right to health of migrant workers:] Encourage the establishment of migrant workers associations and trade unions to ensure effective representation and participation of migrant workers, including irregular and returnee migrant workers, in the formulation, implementation, monitoring and enforcement of laws and policies, including outreach and referral programmes, pre-departure sessions and social support groups.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Right to health in early childhood - Right to survival and development 2015, para. 112m
- Paragraph text
- [In this connection, the Special Rapporteur urges Governments:] To prohibit discrimination against intersex people, including by banning unnecessary medical or surgical treatment, and adopt measures to overcome discriminatory attitudes and practices through awareness-raising, training for public officials and medical professionals and the elaboration of ethical and professional standards that respect the rights of intersex persons, in consultation with intersex people and their organizations;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- The way in which the status and rights of migrants are recognized determines their degree of integration in the country of destination. Legal and administrative restrictions imposed in the field of housing affect the living conditions of migrants and prevent them from living a dignified life, fully integrated into the community that hosts them. Patterns of discrimination and segregation are witnessed in cities across the world, where migrants are excluded from the essential structures and interactions that constitute urban life. Moreover, the present tendency towards migration is one of greater controls, physical barriers and the pursuit of migrants' invisibility.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- The effective monitoring of the housing situation is an immediate obligation of States. Governments should take the measures necessary to ascertain the full extent of homelessness and inadequate housing within their jurisdiction. The indicators used to assess the housing situation must be disaggregated on the basis of the prohibited grounds of discrimination, including national origin (and citizenship), so as to ensure an accurate description of the housing and living conditions of particularly vulnerable groups, such as migrants. Housing strategies should assess the needs of migrants through periodic housing surveys and monitor housing indicators related to equal opportunity.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Sports and healthy lifestyles as contributing factors to the right to health 2016, para. 99
- Paragraph text
- States should incorporate sport and healthy lifestyles into their national health programming, and consider the health impacts of policies in relevant areas such as urban planning, in order to secure individual participation in sport and in active transport such as cycling. Positive steps must be taken by States to facilitate, provide and promote realization of the right to health through participation in sport. All people must be enabled to access physical education, and education around healthy lifestyles. National human rights institutions have unique roles to play in monitoring and accountability in this area.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing in disaster relief efforts 2011, para. 64.3
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] The tenure rights of "non-formal owners", namely those without individual, formally registered, property ownership, should be honoured: For those with insecure tenure, measures should aim at strengthening their security of tenure, for instance by granting rights to housing or land at places of origin, either immediately or in incremental stages. When restitution or return is not desirable for the affected persons or is not possible owing to land having disappeared or to compelling safety reasons that prevent the return, alternative housing or land should be granted at another location.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing in disaster relief efforts 2011, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- Integrating the right to adequate housing into disaster response has broad implications. In practice, however, comprehension of the right to adequate housing and its application to disaster response has been limited to only some aspects of the right, most notably linked to physical structures and individual property ownership. In some cases, reconstruction and recovery efforts - by omission or commission - have had a detrimental impact on victims of disasters and their enjoyment of the right to adequate housing.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Post conflict and post disaster reconstruction and the right to adequate housing 2011, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- A rapid assessment and analysis of pre-existing tenure and property rights systems should be conducted in the immediate aftermath of a disaster or conflict. The aims of this assessment should be: (1) to guide on urgent steps to be taken to protect the right to adequate housing and tenure security of all, but particularly the poorer and marginalized members of society; (2) to identify areas of opportunity where, with the presence and support of bilateral and multilateral international agencies, opportunities could arise for improvement and innovation (for example securing of previously unavailable housing-related rights and entitlements for women); (3) to identify and warn against risk areas where poorly informed actions would result in further housing rights violations. This rapid assessment should be an essential step towards the formulation of a more detailed and comprehensive land management, allocation and registration strategy for sustainable rehabilitation and reconstruction.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Women
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Post conflict and post disaster reconstruction and the right to adequate housing 2011, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- [In preparing for reconstruction and development, all relevant parties and actors should acknowledge that housing has an inherent social value of vital importance for social stability, alleviation of poverty and development. Any response to the impacts of conflicts or disasters on the right to adequate housing should go beyond a focus on the damage, loss or destruction of shelter and infrastructure and should seek to address, inter alia:] The specific rights and concerns of women and other groups particularly vulnerable to discrimination;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Women
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The impact of housing finance policies on the right to adequate housing of those living in poverty 2012, para. 64
- Paragraph text
- Having examined the impact of these policies in various regions of the world, it is the view of the Special Rapporteur that they have largely failed to promote access to adequate housing for the poor. Evidence indicates that housing policies based exclusively on facilitating access to credit for homeownership are incompatible with the full realization of the right to adequate housing of those living in poverty, failing to supply habitable, affordable and well-located housing solutions accessible to the poor.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The impact of housing finance policies on the right to adequate housing of those living in poverty 2012, para. 71m
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from housing policies based on the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In this context, she makes the following recommendations:] States should take prompt measures to increase the availability of adequate housing options, particularly for those most affected by sub-prime and predatory mortgage lending. States should prioritize funding and construction of public housing and the promotion of housing assistance in order to address the impact of the economic and financial crises on the most vulnerable;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Mapping and framing security of tenure 2013, para. 100
- Paragraph text
- An obvious need, confirmed by consultations with a wide range of stakeholders, is for more specific and comprehensive human rights guidance on security of tenure. As shown in section III above, existing legal and policy guidance is incomplete and sparse. Many questions remain as to the precise State obligations with respect to conferring legal security of tenure, and the scope and content of security of tenure under international human rights law. In this regard it must be emphasized, however, that people already have a right to security of tenure, as part of their human right to adequate housing-what needs clarification is how this right can be recognized, protected and realized.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Centrality of the right to adequate housing for the development and implementation of the New Urban Agenda to be adopted at Habitat III in October 2016 2015, para. 72
- Paragraph text
- On its current path, urbanization is simply unsustainable. The majority of people in cities worldwide suffer gross inequality, many living in deplorable or unaffordable housing conditions, vulnerable to forced evictions and homelessness and constantly fearing for their safety and security. Millions continue to move to cities in search of opportunities, services and a better life. At the same time, a select few continue to accrue astonishing levels of wealth and power, including from land and housing speculation. Change is required. Habitat III represents an essential opportunity to forge a new way forward, one with the right to adequate housing at its core.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Centrality of the right to adequate housing for the development and implementation of the New Urban Agenda to be adopted at Habitat III in October 2016 2015, para. 76i
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that the urban rights agenda should:] Commit to security of tenure for all households, including all residents of informal settlements. The guiding principles on security of tenure for the urban poor (A/HRC/25/54, sect. II) should be directly incorporated, particularly with respect to strengthening diverse tenure forms, prioritizing in situ solutions, promoting the social function of property, promoting women's security of tenure and ensuring access to justice;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Women
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Responsibilities of local and other subnational governments in relation to the right to adequate housing 2015, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- Although the drive for decentralization can resonate with many core values linked to the right to adequate housing, including local empowerment, meaningful engagement, and enhanced accountability and transparency, decentralization is not always favourable to the implementation of the right to adequate housing. Proximity to stakeholders is only a positive feature if local and other subnational levels of government have the necessary resources and the administrative capacity to perform the functions accorded them; if they are cognizant of human rights, accountable and responsive to stakeholders; if meaningful participatory mechanisms are in place; if local elites do not undermine democratic accountability; and if corruption is addressed.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Homelessness as a global human rights crisis that demands an urgent global response 2016, para. 91g
- Paragraph text
- [In line with the present conclusions, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations to States:] A careful review of existing legislation and policies must be undertaken to ensure that those that include discriminatory intent or effect against people who are homeless are repealed or amended, in compliance with international human rights law. Funding or transfer payments for local programmes should be made conditional on the elimination of all laws that criminalize or discriminate against homeless persons;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Homelessness as a global human rights crisis that demands an urgent global response 2016, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- From a human rights perspective, State obligations in relation to homelessness are well established and have been clearly articulated. These include the following immediate obligations of States: (a) to adopt and implement strategies to eliminate homelessness, with clear goals, targets and timelines; (b) to eliminate the practice of forced eviction, especially where it will lead to homelessness; (c) to combat and prohibit in law discrimination, stigma and negative stereotyping of homeless people; (d) to ensure access to legal remedies for violations of rights, including for the failure of States to take positive measures to address homelessness; and (e) to regulate third-party actors so that their actions are consistent with the elimination of homelessness and do not discriminate either directly or indirectly against homeless people.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Homelessness as a global human rights crisis that demands an urgent global response 2016, para. 91j
- Paragraph text
- [In line with the present conclusions, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations to States:] Any evictions that may result in homelessness, including those intended to render homeless people less visible, such as to promote tourism or facilitate mega events, must be recognized under domestic law as gross violations of human rights and be immediately stopped. Forced evictions must not occur without prior meaningful consultation with affected groups, an exploration of all alternatives, including in situ upgrading, and the implementation of agreed-upon resettlement options for those affected;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Financialization of housing and the right to adequate housing 2017, para. 77f
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur suggests that the way forward requires a shift to take hold so that States ensure that all investment in housing recognizes its social function and States' human rights obligations in that regard. That requires a transformation of the relationship between the State and the financial sector, whereby human rights implementation becomes the overriding goal, not a subsidiary or neglected obligation. The Special Rapporteur believes that can be achieved with more constructive engagement and dialogue between States, human rights actors, international and domestic financial regulatory bodies, private equity firms and major investors. In order to create those new conversations and achieve that shift, the Special Rapporteur recommends the following:] States must ensure that courts, tribunals and human rights institutions recognize and apply the paramountcy of human rights and interpret and apply domestic laws and policies related to housing and housing finance consistently with the right to adequate housing;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
On the Declaration on human rights defenders 2011, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur remains concerned that more than a decade after the adoption of the Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, although some progress has been made, many countries continue to pass laws and regulations that restrict the space for human rights activities and that are incompatible with international standards and with the Declaration in particular. Even where efforts are made to adopt laws that are in line with international standards, their ineffective implementation often remains a problem.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Corporate responsibility with respect to indigenous rights 2010, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- As a result, the international community now holds the expectation, increasingly shared by all the stakeholders directly involved, including business itself, that companies bear certain responsibilities with respect to indigenous rights. Within the conceptual framework drawn up by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises - protect, respect and remedy - companies have, at the very least, the duty to comply with international standards relating to the human rights of indigenous peoples.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Work in progress, challenges and the way forward 2017, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- Today, recognizing the tragic and seemingly hopeless situations facing so many defenders is no longer the issue. Indeed, time and again, their plight has been reported, condemned and communicated by many. This dire situation does not allow us the luxury of sitting back and waiting. Let there be no doubt. It is our moral responsibility to embody the ideals of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and it is urgent to take action. At the core of the Special Rapporteur's mandate is the duty to ensure that every effort is made so that people no longer have to die anywhere in the world for having defended human dignity and human rights.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Extractive industries operating within or near indigenous territories 2011, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- In this connection, while the existing problems and challenges ahead are significant and complex, the Special Rapporteur is encouraged by what he perceives to be a growing degree of awareness and assumption of responsibility on the part of States and corporate actors. This growing awareness opens a historical opportunity for advancing towards a common normative understanding and the operationalization of indigenous peoples' rights and related institutional safeguards in the context of natural resource extraction and development projects in indigenous territories. This process would not only contribute to enhanced implementation of the standards affirmed in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and other international instruments, but also to operationalizing and realizing the "Protect, Respect and Remedy" framework.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Extractive industries operating within or near indigenous territories 2011, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- In view of the above, when considering the Special Rapporteur's future action, the Human Rights Council may wish to entrust him with the specific task of working towards the operationalization of the rights of indigenous peoples and related institutional guarantees in the context of natural resource extraction and development projects affecting indigenous territories, with the aim of his presenting to the Council a set of specific guidelines or principles in 2013. The Council may further consider the necessity of affording additional support to the Special Rapporteur in performing this task.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Strengthening commitment to the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and its implementation 2013, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- Debilitating to the Declaration are repeated assertions that the Declaration is non-binding, characterizations of the Declaration as granting privileges to indigenous peoples over others, and the position advanced by some States that the right to self-determination affirmed in the Declaration is different from self-determination in international law. These assertions and positions are each flawed, as explained by the Special Rapporteur (paras. 61-78); they only serve to weaken the force of the broad consensus underlying the Declaration and of its role as an instrument of human rights and restorative justice.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Torture, ill-treatment and coercion during interviews/ Universal protocol for non-coercive, ethically sound, evidence-based and empirically founded interviewing practices 2016, para. 101
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur calls upon States to spearhead the development of a universal protocol aiming to ensure that no person is subjected to torture, ill treatment or coercion, including any forms of violence, duress or threat. A protocol, to be developed in collaboration with relevant international and regional human rights mechanisms, civil society and experts, must be grounded in fundamental principles of international human rights law and foremost in the absolute prohibition of torture and ill-treatment. The first step in this process ought to be the convening of a broad public consultation designed to set the parameters for the collaborative development of the protocol by the relevant stakeholders.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Gender perspectives on torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment 2016, para. 70n
- Paragraph text
- [With regard to women, girls, and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons in detention, the Special Rapporteur calls on all States to:] Consider the imprisonment of pregnant women and women with young children only when other alternatives are unavoidable or unsuitable; ensure that sentencing policies and practices respect the best interests of the child, including the need to maintain direct contact with mothers; assist female offenders with tools to carry out child-rearing responsibilities and make special provisions for mothers prior to admission to allow for alternative childcare arrangements; and allow children to maintain personal relations and direct contact with mothers in detention;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Girls
- LGBTQI+
- Women
- Youth
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Effects of pesticides on the right to food 2017, para. 107r
- Paragraph text
- [States should:] Eliminate pesticide subsidies and instead initiate pesticide taxes, import tariffs and pesticide-use fees.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Key trends and challenges to the right of all individuals to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through the Internet 2011, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- Enabling individuals to effectively use the content made available via the Internet requires a number of elements, including the skills to use the technology. The Special Rapporteur thus recommends that States include Internet literacy skills in school curricula and support similar learning modules outside of schools. In addition to basic skills training, modules should clarify the benefits of accessing information online and of responsibly contributing information. Training can also help individuals learn how to protect themselves against harmful content, such as the potential consequences of revealing private information on the Internet, as well as against undue restrictions by States or corporations through the use of encryption or circumvention technology.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Key trends and challenges to the right of all individuals to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through the Internet 2011, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- With regard to technical measures taken to regulate the above-mentioned type of prohibited expression, such as the blocking of content, the Special Rapporteur reiterates that States should provide full details regarding the necessity and justification for blocking a particular website and that the determination of what content should be blocked must be undertaken by a competent judicial authority or a body that is independent of any political, commercial or other unwarranted influences in order to ensure that blocking is not used as a means of censorship.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Groups in need of attention, limitations to the right to freedom of expression, and protection of journalists 2010, para. 118
- Paragraph text
- States have an obligation to guarantee to all individuals the full enjoyment of the right to freedom of opinion and expression through any medium, while ensuring that their human rights are respected and protected. In particular, they should guarantee the full enjoyment of this right to all persons engaged in journalistic activities in places of internal conflict or war, where the nature of their work places them in a position of greater vulnerability; all social communicators are considered to be journalists for this purpose.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression exercised through the Internet 2011, para. 72
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur remains concerned that legitimate online expression is being criminalized in contravention of States' international human rights obligations, whether it is through the application of existing criminal laws to online expression, or through the creation of new laws specifically designed to criminalize expression on the Internet. Such laws are often justified as being necessary to protect individuals' reputation, national security or to counter terrorism. However, in practice, they are frequently used to censor content that the Government and other powerful entities do not like or agree with.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression exercised through the Internet 2011, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- While blocking and filtering measures deny users access to specific content on the Internet, States have also taken measures to cut off access to the Internet entirely. The Special Rapporteur considers cutting off users from Internet access, regardless of the justification provided, including on the grounds of violating intellectual property rights law, to be disproportionate and thus a violation of article 19, paragraph 3, of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression exercised through the Internet 2011, para. 68
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur emphasizes that there should be as little restriction as possible to the flow of information via the Internet, except in few, exceptional, and limited circumstances prescribed by international human rights law. He also stresses that the full guarantee of the right to freedom of expression must be the norm, and any limitation considered as an exception, and that this principle should never be reversed. Against this backdrop, the Special Rapporteur recommends the steps set out below.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression exercised through the Internet 2011, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- With regard to child pornography, the Special Rapporteur notes that it is one clear exception where blocking measures are justified, provided that the national law is sufficiently precise and there are sufficient safeguards against abuse or misuse to prevent any "mission creep", including oversight and review by an independent and impartial tribunal or regulatory body. However, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to focus their efforts on prosecuting those responsible for the production and dissemination of child pornography, rather than on blocking measures alone.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression exercised through the Internet 2011, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur commends the work undertaken by organizations and individuals to reveal the worldwide status of online impediments to the right to freedom of expression. He encourages intermediaries in particular to disclose details regarding content removal requests and accessibility of websites. Additionally, he recommends corporations to establish clear and unambiguous terms of service in line with international human rights norms and principles and to continuously review the impact of their services and technologies on the right to freedom of expression of their users, as well as on the potential pitfalls involved when they are misused. The Special Rapporteur believes that such transparency will help promote greater accountability and respect for human rights.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression exercised through the Internet 2011, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- In addition, while States are the primary duty-bearers of human rights, the Special Rapporteur underscores that corporations also have a responsibility to respect human rights, which means that they should act with due diligence to avoid infringing the rights of individuals. The Special Rapporteur thus recommends intermediaries to: only implement restrictions to these rights after judicial intervention; be transparent to the user involved about measures taken, and, where applicable, to the wider public; provide, if possible, forewarning to users before the implementation of restrictive measures; and minimize the impact of restrictions strictly to the content involved. Finally, there must be effective remedies for affected users, including the possibility of appeal through the procedures provided by the intermediary and by a competent judicial authority.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression exercised through the Internet 2011, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- When a cyber-attack can be attributed to the State, it clearly constitutes, inter alia, a violation of its obligation to respect the right to freedom of opinion and expression. Although determining the origin of cyber-attacks and the identity of the perpetrator is often technically difficult, it should be noted that States have an obligation to protect individuals against interference by third parties that undermines the enjoyment of the right to freedom of opinion and expression. This positive obligation to protect entails that States must take appropriate and effective measures to investigate actions taken by third parties, hold the persons responsible to account, and adopt measures to prevent such recurrence in the future.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred 2012, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- For other types of hate speech that do not meet the threshold of advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred constituting incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence, the Special Rapporteur recommends that States adopt civil laws, with the application of diverse procedural and substantive remedies, such as restoring reputation, preventing recurrence and providing financial compensation. Indeed, with regard to speech that raises concern in terms of civility and tolerance for others, rather than lowering the threshold for incitement to hatred, responses to discrimination need to be strengthened, including by enhancing the enjoyment of the rights of ethnic, religious or linguistic minorities (article 27 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights) and adopting policies and effective measures to eliminate racial discrimination (articles 2 and 5 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination).
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to access information 2013, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- In parallel, the global recognition of the overall importance of transparency of public institutions in the consolidation of peace, democracy and development is unquestionable. Explicitly included as a component of the right to freedom of expression, the right to access information is increasingly protected by national laws. Technological advances, democratic transitions and the expansion of civil society activity have contributed to a significant increase in the demand for all types of information held by public bodies.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to access information 2013, para. 93
- Paragraph text
- Given that the enjoyment of human rights also implies responsibilities, and is based on the principles of universality, equality and interdependence, there is a shared responsibility in denouncing human rights violations whenever they occur. Such responsibility is of greater importance in the case of public officials. Therefore, the disclosure in good faith of relevant information relating to human rights violations should be accorded protection from liability. On the other hand, the silence of State officials on violations that they witness can be interpreted as complicity. Transitions to peace and democracy based on silence over past crimes, atrocities or impunity are not sustainable.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to access information 2013, para. 104
- Paragraph text
- The adoption of national norms should be followed by concerted efforts to enhance the technical capacity of State institutions to manage and disseminate information. Moreover, public officials must be trained and have their awareness raised in order to fulfil their responsibilities regarding the adequate maintenance of records and dissemination of information. Further efforts are also necessary to raise public awareness of the right to access information and the existing mechanisms to exercise it.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to access information 2013, para. 103
- Paragraph text
- States should, in particular, consider the appointment of a focal point, such as an information commissioner, to assist in the implementation of national norms on access to information or the creation of a State institution responsible for access to information. Such mechanisms could be mandated to process requests for information, assist applicants, ensure the proactive dissemination of information by public bodies, monitor compliance with the law and present recommendations to ensure adherence to the right to access information.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right of the child to freedom of expression 2014, para. 92
- Paragraph text
- States should take proactive measures to promote children's access to the Internet in all settings. The Internet's central role in the promotion of all the rights of children, in particular the right to freedom of expression, to participation in public life and to education, should be taken into consideration within education systems. Efforts should be made to reframe the Internet as a positive resource - with benefits for both the individual child and society as a whole - as opposed to a negative or otherwise dangerous medium. For example, the Internet is an excellent tool for accessing books for children from all social origins.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The use of encryption and anonymity to exercise the rights to freedom of opinion and expression in the digital age 2015, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- States should revise or establish, as appropriate, national laws and regulations to promote and protect the rights to privacy and freedom of opinion and expression. With respect to encryption and anonymity, States should adopt policies of non-restriction or comprehensive protection, only adopt restrictions on a case-specific basis and that meet the requirements of legality, necessity, proportionality and legitimacy in objective, require court orders for any specific limitation, and promote security and privacy online through public education.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Contemporary challenges to freedom of expression 2016, para. 57d
- Paragraph text
- [Among steps that I would encourage are the following:] Support independent media and civic space. In the face of State repression of reporting, it is critical that States make an extra effort to support independent voices in the media and civil society at large. At a minimum, I encourage States to avoid imposing restrictions on reporting and research that may be seen to criticize the Government and its policies or to share information about sensitive subjects, including terrorism. States should especially avoid imposing obstacles, such as accreditation procedures or penalties through defamation lawsuits or intermediary liability, that undermine independent media. At the same time, those with the means - such as private donors and foundations - should make a special effort to support independent media and to foster strong scrutiny of media conglomerations that squeeze out the less well-financed outlets;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Best practices that promote and protect the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association 2012, para. 84b
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls upon States:] To ensure that the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association are enjoyed by everyone and any registered or unregistered entities, including women; youth; indigenous peoples, persons with disabilities, persons belonging to minority groups or groups at risk, including those victims of discrimination because of their sexual orientation and gender identity, non-nationals, as well as activists advocating economic, social, and cultural rights;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons with disabilities
- Women
- Youth
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of natural resource exploitation projects 2015, para. 72c (iii)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Take appropriate measures to meet extraterritorial obligations, particularly by providing access to remedy for victims of violations of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association; measures should include but are not limited to: Ensuring that trade and other agreements on investment in natural resource exploitation activities, whether concluded bilaterally or multilaterally, recognize and protect the exercise of peaceful assembly and association rights for affected individuals and groups;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Environment
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of natural resource exploitation projects 2015, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- The significance of civil society as a stakeholder in the context of natural resource exploitation is underestimated, misperceived and often denied by both States and businesses. This is symptomatic of a growing disregard for a plurality of views, particularly those which champion non-economic values over economic ones. Such disregard is counterproductive and divisive, and is likely contributing to an erosion of confidence in the world's prevailing economic system. It is thus in the interest of both States and corporations to recognize actions by civil society groups both in support of and against the entire decision-making chain in natural resource governance, as a legitimate exercise by these individuals and groups of their rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Environment
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Fundamentalism and its impact on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association 2016, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur emphasizes that the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association are due to everyone without distinction. This includes both those who hold fundamentalist views and those who hold differing views. The rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association play a key role in promoting tolerance, broadmindedness, diversity and pluralism. States must walk a fine line in balancing the rights of various groups and must ensure that one group is not favoured, either in policy or in practice. Such rights must therefore not only be protected but also facilitated.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Criminalisation of sexual and reproductive health 2011, para. 65k
- Paragraph text
- [In applying a right-to-health approach, States should undertake reforms toward the development and implementation of policies and programmes relating to sexual and reproductive health as required by international human rights law. In that context, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to:] Establish policies and programmes to ensure the accessibility and availability of safe, reliable and good quality services for abortion-related complications and post-abortion care, in line with WHO protocols, particularly in jurisdictions where abortion is criminalized;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Occupational health 2012, para. 60a
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States take the following steps in order to realize the right to occupational health:] Extend existing occupational health laws and policies to cover the informal workforce, and establish innovative laws and policies to support direct occupational health interventions in the informal economy, with special attention paid to its gendered aspects. This should include: Social health insurance programmes that cover all informal workers, which, to the greatest extent possible, must be tailored to address the specific occupational health risks faced by informal workers in their respective sectors; Occupational health services that are provided where informal workers work; Primary healthcare interventions that are designed to educate and train informal workers about occupational health.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- Measures to ensure access to adequate housing for migrants require effective universal housing policies, in addition to specific policy measures addressed to migrants. Targeted policies are necessary to make up for deficiencies in the market and the public provision of housing and to ensure equal access where embedded discriminatory practices prevent this from happening. Effective targeted policies require a reliable assessment of the housing needs of migrants, conducted in consultation with them. Matching the elaboration of universal policies inclusive of migrants with the adoption of special plans to address their particular housing challenges is thus recommended to help foster the real integration of migrants into the community and to promote the enjoyment of their right to adequate housing.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- Migrants, however, have a number of rights in their country of destination that must be recognized and respected by public authorities and private individuals. Regardless of their immigration status, all migrants must be afforded essential levels of protection with regard to their access to adequate housing and living conditions. Accordingly, States are under the obligation to adopt all necessary measures to progressively ensure the realization of the right of non-citizens under their jurisdiction to adequate housing and to protect them from discriminatory, unfair and degrading treatment. It is worth recalling that, as part of their core obligations and with immediate effect, Governments should ensure access to basic shelter and housing to all migrants in their territory. To fulfil this obligation, the Special Rapporteur provides a number of recommendations.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- Discrimination and xenophobia affect the living conditions of migrants and their coexistence with the local community. They have thus been identified as key factors in the exclusion of migrants from adequate housing. States need to combat xenophobia and discrimination as a matter of urgency and ensure that no legislative or administrative acts reinforce discrimination against migrants with regard to their access to social or private housing. Moreover, States should take effective measures to ensure that housing agencies and private landlords refrain from engaging in discriminatory practices.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Post conflict and post disaster reconstruction and the right to adequate housing 2011, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- [Violations of the right to adequate housing can both contribute to and result from armed conflicts and natural disasters. The poorer and marginalized members of society are disproportionately affected. Addressing existing vulnerabilities can play an important role in both preventing and mitigating the impacts of disasters and conflicts. States should therefore:] Develop and implement land tenure reform policies and programmes that make suitably located, secure, safe and affordable housing accessible to all;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Post conflict and post disaster reconstruction and the right to adequate housing 2011, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- [In preparing for reconstruction and development, all relevant parties and actors should acknowledge that housing has an inherent social value of vital importance for social stability, alleviation of poverty and development. Any response to the impacts of conflicts or disasters on the right to adequate housing should go beyond a focus on the damage, loss or destruction of shelter and infrastructure and should seek to address, inter alia:] The disruption of social and economic relationships and networks;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing in disaster relief efforts 2011, para. 64.2
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur makes the following recommendations:] No harm should be caused by or to others in respecting and protecting the right to adequate housing, including tenure security: Health and safety regulations as well as disaster risk reduction measures, which may call for land use or housing restrictions, must be subject to human rights standards: their impacts on the human rights of individuals and communities must be assessed, and due process rights, and the rights to information and participation, must be upheld in all circumstances.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Post conflict and post disaster reconstruction and the right to adequate housing 2011, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- [In preparing for reconstruction and development, all relevant parties and actors should acknowledge that housing has an inherent social value of vital importance for social stability, alleviation of poverty and development. Any response to the impacts of conflicts or disasters on the right to adequate housing should go beyond a focus on the damage, loss or destruction of shelter and infrastructure and should seek to address, inter alia:] The loss of tenure security, particularly by those who had been living under customary or informal tenure systems prior to the disaster or conflict.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The impact of housing finance policies on the right to adequate housing of those living in poverty 2012, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- Demand-side housing finance policies have been promoted with the aim of reducing State expenditures and overcoming problems related to social housing programmes, such as urban segregation. However, it has become evident that whether in the form of tax exemptions, "bail-outs" for financial institutions following housing market busts or subsidies for low-income households, States still invest huge public resources in housing. In addition, these policies have often resulted in problematic outcomes, similar to those affecting social housing.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The impact of housing finance policies on the right to adequate housing of those living in poverty 2012, para. 71g
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from housing policies based on the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In this context, she makes the following recommendations:] States should promote alternatives to housing policies based on private credit and ownership, including through the development of a private rental sector. Adequate legal, financial and tax conditions should be created in order to encourage the supply of social rental housing as well as other forms of collective and individual tenure;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The impact of housing finance policies on the right to adequate housing of those living in poverty 2012, para. 71a
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from housing policies based on the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In this context, she makes the following recommendations:] The promotion of access to adequate housing cannot be based solely on financial mechanisms. Broader State policies and interventions should be adopted, including, inter alia, public investments in infrastructure and basic services, human settlements upgrading and rehabilitation, urban planning and land policies, public financing, land and housing provision, rent regulation and related legal and institutional frameworks;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The impact of housing finance policies on the right to adequate housing of those living in poverty 2012, para. 71b
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from housing policies based on the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In this context, she makes the following recommendations:] The right to adequate housing should be respected and protected during the design, implementation and monitoring phases of housing policies and programmes and elaborated and implemented with the full participation of affected individuals and communities. The right to adequate housing should be understood as the right to live in conditions deemed adequate on the grounds of security of tenure; availability of services, building materials, facilities and infrastructure; affordability; habitability; accessibility; location; and cultural adequacy;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Analysis of two alternative housing policies: rental and collective housing 2013, para. 68b (ii)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In that context, she makes the following recommendations:] Rental tenure should be encouraged: States should adopt measures to encourage the construction and maintenance of a private rental sector, including by providing incentives for small-scale landlords (such as tax incentives and supply-based subsidies that stimulate private investment) and support the non-profit and community-based development of rental housing;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Guiding Principles on security of tenure for the urban poor 2014, para. 3
- Paragraph text
- Tenure should be secured in situ unless there are exceptional circumstances that justify eviction consistent with international human rights law. Regulations aimed at protecting public health and safety and the environment or at mitigating risk for the population should not be used as an excuse to undermine security of tenure. In situ solutions should be found whenever it is possible to: (a) mitigate and manage risks of disaster and threats to public health and safety; or (b) balance environmental protection and security of tenure; except when inhabitants choose to exercise their right to resettlement.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Guiding Principles on security of tenure for the urban poor 2014, para. (N/A)
- Paragraph text
- Security of tenure is understood as a set of relationships with respect to housing and land, established through statutory or customary law or informal or hybrid arrangements, that enables one to live in one's home in security, peace and dignity. It is an integral part of the right to adequate housing and a necessary ingredient for the enjoyment of many other civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights. All persons should possess a degree of security of tenure that guarantees legal protection against forced eviction, harassment and other threats.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Centrality of the right to adequate housing for the development and implementation of the New Urban Agenda to be adopted at Habitat III in October 2016 2015, para. 76d
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that the urban rights agenda should:] Commit to enhanced regulation of private actors and markets consistent with the recognition of housing as a human right. In particular, measures should be adopted to prevent forced eviction, land grabbing, speculation and leaving homes or lands (that could otherwise be used) abandoned. Housing markets and financial institutions should be regulated to prevent unnecessary volatility, predatory lending and mortgage crises, such as those experienced in recent years;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Responsibilities of local and other subnational governments in relation to the right to adequate housing 2015, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- The responsibilities of different levels of government are not self-standing. They rarely fall into watertight categories and usually involve collaboration among different levels of government, in addition to other public or private actors. Responsibilities are governed by agreements or joint initiatives among different levels of governments as well as by relationships with community-based organizations and civil society. Where national or regional governments provide funding for housing and related programmes, the realization of the right to adequate housing does not rely solely on one or the other level of government, but on their relationship.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Responsibilities of local and other subnational governments in relation to the right to adequate housing 2015, para. 76f
- Paragraph text
- [In line with the above-mentioned conclusions, the Special Rapporteur wishes to offer the following recommendations:] International financial institutions and United Nations agencies and entities should ensure that the right to adequate housing is incorporated into decentralization processes and housing related initiatives and activities. UN-Habitat and other relevant international agencies should emphasize the right to adequate housing in their promotion of the roles of local and other subnational governments, including in ongoing endeavours related to the post-2015 development agenda and the upcoming discussions on Habitat III.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Responsibilities of local and other subnational governments in relation to the right to adequate housing 2015, para. 76o
- Paragraph text
- [In line with the above-mentioned conclusions, the Special Rapporteur wishes to offer the following recommendations:] Local housing and human rights groups could endeavour to develop innovative approaches to bringing international human rights norms to the local level, including through local hearings or panels. They should engage with the special procedures to raise issues and concerns in relation to the right to adequate housing and non-discrimination in the subnational and local contexts, including via communications and country missions.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to life and the right to adequate housing: the indivisibility and interdependence between these rights 2016, para. 68
- Paragraph text
- The starting point for understanding the scope of the right to life should be what rights holders are entitled to, not the cause of the deprivation. Homelessness and grossly inadequate housing may be the result of actions leading to eviction and deportation, but equally may result from inaction - a failure to address long-term systemic patterns of social exclusion and deprivation. Nevertheless, the deprivation experienced is essentially the same: preventable illnesses, a shortened lifespan and deprivation of dignity and security.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Violations committed against defenders by non-State actors 2010, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur hopes that the present report will contribute to raising awareness of the responsibility of non-State actors to comply with the provisions of the Declaration on human rights defenders. It is paramount that non-State actors acknowledge the important role of defenders in ensuring the full enjoyment of all human rights by everyone. Non-State actors, including private companies, could play a key role in the promotion and protection of the rights and activities of human rights defenders.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Financialization of housing and the right to adequate housing 2017, para. 77c
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur suggests that the way forward requires a shift to take hold so that States ensure that all investment in housing recognizes its social function and States' human rights obligations in that regard. That requires a transformation of the relationship between the State and the financial sector, whereby human rights implementation becomes the overriding goal, not a subsidiary or neglected obligation. The Special Rapporteur believes that can be achieved with more constructive engagement and dialogue between States, human rights actors, international and domestic financial regulatory bodies, private equity firms and major investors. In order to create those new conversations and achieve that shift, the Special Rapporteur recommends the following:] Trade and investment treaties should recognize the paramountcy of human rights, including the right to housing, and ensure that States are fully empowered to regulate private investment so as to ensure the realization of the right to housing;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Financialization of housing and the right to adequate housing 2017, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- Many States have been too deferential to the dynamics of unregulated markets and have failed to take appropriate action to bring private investment into line with the right to adequate housing. By providing tax subsidies for homeownership, tax breaks for investors, and bailouts for banks and financial institutions, States have subsidized the excessive financialization of housing at the expense of programmes for those in desperate need of housing. There seems to be a gross imbalance between the attention, mechanisms and resources that States have developed to support the financialization of housing and the complete deficit of housing for the implementation of the right to adequate housing.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Women human rights defenders and those working on women’s rights or gender issues 2011, para. 105
- Paragraph text
- Based mostly of the review of the communications sent by the mandate during the period between 2004 and 2009, women defenders and those working on women's rights or gender issues seem to be more at risk of being threatened, including death threats, and being killed in the Americas region than in other parts of the world. Arrest and further judicial harassment and criminalization of the work of have been more commonly reported in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Europe and Central Asia. Moreover, these defenders also risk being exposed to the reported torture, mistreatment and widespread use of excessive force by State agents in the context of arrests and detention. Furthermore, women defenders face a greater risk of being subject to sexual harassment, sexual violence and rape.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Gender
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Women
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Large-scale development project and human rights defenders 2013, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- Human rights defenders are at the heart of the development process and can be key actors in ensuring that development is inclusive, fair and beneficial for all and that dialogue is used to reinforce social cohesion and pre-empt conflict and the radicalization of positions. Defenders can play a crucial role as members of teams conducting human rights impact assessments, formal multi-stakeholders oversight mechanisms and mediation and grievance mechanisms and as independent watchdogs monitoring the implementation of large-scale development projects.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Elements of a safe and enabling environment for human rights defenders 2014, para. 131j
- Paragraph text
- [Member States should:] Ensure that acts of intimidation and reprisals against defenders who engage with the United Nations, its representatives and mechanisms in the field of human rights, and international human rights bodies are firmly and unequivocally condemned. Ensure that these acts are promptly investigated, perpetrators brought to justice and that any legislation criminalizing activities in defence of human rights through cooperation with international mechanisms is repealed.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Vision and Working Methods of the Mandate 2014, para. 105
- Paragraph text
- The present report presents the vision and the priorities which the Special Rapporteur wishes to share with the Member States and other stakeholders regarding the way in which he intends to carry out the statutory activities laid down, working in a spirit of openness, frankness and transparency which he will maintain throughout the duration of his office. He is conscious of the importance of this mandate and will devote his time and energy to completing the tasks assigned to him, with the overriding objective of serving the underlying cause.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Environmental human rights defenders 2016, para. 93
- Paragraph text
- Upholding human rights for environmental human rights defenders is essential to the protection of the environment and environmental rights, and is grounded in international human rights standards. Environmental human rights defenders cannot properly defend environment-related rights without exercising their own rights to access to information, freedom of expression, peaceful assembly and association, guarantees of non-discrimination and participation in decision-making. States have the duty to protect those rights as well as the rights to defend human rights and to life, liberty and security. Despite the clarity of international human rights law in this regard, increased violence, including killing, against environmental human rights defenders around the world points to a situation of global crisis.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Environmental human rights defenders 2016, para. 96
- Paragraph text
- In order to reverse the tide of the worsening situation of environmental human rights defenders, the Special Rapporteur wishes to put forward a set of recommendations to the attention of various stakeholders. He calls on all stakeholders to urgently and publicly adopt a zero-tolerance approach to the killings of and violent acts against environmental human rights defenders, and to immediately launch policies and mechanisms to empower and protect them. He further appeals to all actors to document more systematically information on the situation of environmental human rights defenders at risk, especially in countries of concern, with a view to advocating more actionable and effective measures for their protection.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Corporate responsibility with respect to indigenous rights 2010, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- In addition, within the framework of due diligence, companies must take account of the criteria, as laid down in international rules, for recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples, in particular their right to lands, territories and natural resources, including in cases where domestic law differs substantially from such criteria. Companies must therefore grant, in all respects, full recognition of the indigenous territorial rights arising from customary land tenure, independent of official State recognition.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right of indigenous peoples to development with culture and identity, the right of indigenous peoples to participation and the obligation of States to implement the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 2010, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- The second area of concern relates to development initiatives targeted specifically at reducing the disadvantages experienced by indigenous peoples and improving their social and economic well-being. These initiatives all too often fail to properly incorporate indigenous peoples in the design and delivery of the programmes in a way that advances their self-determination and their rights to maintain their distinct cultural identities, languages and connections with their traditional lands.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Corporate responsibility with respect to indigenous rights 2010, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- Due diligence exercised by companies in relation to indigenous rights include, first, the identification of the indigenous peoples that might be affected by their activities, including in States that do not recognize, or recognize solely in a limited fashion, the indigenous peoples living within their borders. For the purposes of such identification, companies must apply the international criteria which define the category of indigenous peoples and provide the grounds for a series of specific rights.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right of indigenous peoples to development with culture and identity, the right of indigenous peoples to participation and the obligation of States to implement the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 2010, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- The internal dimension of the right to participation relates to indigenous peoples' exercise of autonomy or self-government. This dimension of the right includes a corresponding duty of the State to allow indigenous peoples to make their own decisions concerning their internal matters, and to respect those decisions. States should make continued efforts to promote and consolidate legal recognition and accommodation of indigenous institutions of self-governance, in order for indigenous peoples genuinely to take control of their own affairs in all aspects of their lives and to ensure that matters affecting them are aligned with their own cultural patterns, values, customs and world-views.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Corporate responsibility with respect to indigenous rights 2010, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- Independent of compensation measures, companies are bound by their duty to respect indigenous rights to establish mechanisms ensuring that indigenous peoples share the benefits generated by the activities in question. Benefit sharing responds in part to the concept of fair compensation for deprivation or limitation of the rights of the communities concerned, in particular their right of communal ownership of lands, territories and natural resources. Companies must ensure that benefit-sharing mechanisms genuinely fulfil that purpose, and that they are appropriate to the specific context of indigenous peoples.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The need to harmonize activities affecting indigenous peoples within the United Nations system 2012, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is grateful for the opportunity to continue his work in accordance with his mandate under Human Rights Council resolution 15/14 and expresses his thanks to all those who have supported and continue to support his mandate. He is further grateful for the opportunity to report to the General Assembly on his work and to offer comments on the various activities within the United Nations system which affect indigenous peoples. The following conclusions and recommendations relate to those activities.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The need to harmonize activities affecting indigenous peoples within the United Nations system 2012, para. 94
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is aware that, at the time of this writing, the modalities of participation in the World Conference are being determined. In this connection, he urges flexibility and innovation to ensure indigenous participation in the meeting, in accordance with the standards of participation which the General Assembly itself affirmed when it adopted the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. In addition, the outcomes of the World Conference should reinforce, and in no way undermine or fall below, the standards of the Declaration.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Violence against indigenous women and girls; rights of indigenous peoples in relation to extractive industries 2012, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- A holistic approach to combating violence against indigenous women and girls requires that both their rights as women and children, and their rights as indigenous peoples, be advanced. More broadly, the rights enshrined in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, which are designed to remedy the continuing legacies of discrimination against indigenous peoples, should be advanced concurrently with programmes that are designed specifically to target violence against women and girls, to tackle the structural problems affecting indigenous peoples that contribute to violence against women and girls. Lastly, indigenous self-determination in particular must be enhanced, along with efforts that are designed to prevent and punish violence against indigenous women and girls.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Ethnic minorities
- Girls
- Women
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Violence against indigenous women and girls; rights of indigenous peoples in relation to extractive industries 2012, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- Where the rights implicated are essential to the survival of indigenous groups and foreseen impacts on the rights are significant, indigenous consent to those impacts is required, beyond simply being an objective of consultations. It is generally understood that indigenous peoples' rights over lands and resources in accordance with customary tenure are necessary to their survival. Accordingly, indigenous consent is presumptively a requirement for those aspects of any extractive project taking place within the officially recognized or customary land use areas of indigenous peoples, or that otherwise affect resources that are important to their survival.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Violence against indigenous women and girls; rights of indigenous peoples in relation to extractive industries 2012, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- In this connection, the State's protective role in the context of extractive industries entails ensuring a regulatory framework that fully recognizes indigenous peoples' rights over lands and natural resources and other rights that may be affected by extractive operations; that mandates respect for those rights both in all relevant State administrative decision-making and in corporate behaviour; and that provides effective sanctions and remedies when those rights are infringed either by Governments or by corporate actors.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Violence against indigenous women and girls; rights of indigenous peoples in relation to extractive industries 2012, para. 84
- Paragraph text
- A focus on the rights implicated in the context of a specific extractive or development project is an indispensible starting point for devising appropriate consultation and consent procedures, in the exercise of the State duty to protect and corporate responsibility to respect human rights. The particular indigenous peoples or communities that are to be consulted are those that hold the potentially affected rights, the consultation procedures are to be devised to identify and address the potential impacts on the rights, and consent is to be sought for those impacts under terms that are protective and respectful of the rights.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The need to harmonize activities affecting indigenous peoples within the United Nations system 2012, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- To this end, United Nations institutions should take specific steps to ensure awareness among their directors and staff of the Declaration and its provisions and to ensure that the Declaration is a key reference in any decision-making or programming affecting indigenous peoples at all levels of operation. Furthermore, in their budgeting, agencies should ensure that appropriate funding is set aside for activities which promote implementation of the Declaration, as well as ensuring that budgeted activities do not conflict with its provisions.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Impact of climate change on the right to food 2015, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- The imperative to feed the world in a time of climate change resonates strongly with food policymakers and has resulted in a push for large-scale agricultural models to respond to the future demand for food. However, it is has been proven that more food production does not necessarily result in fewer people suffering from hunger and malnutrition. The world has long produced enough food, sufficient not only to meet the caloric requirements of the existing global population of over 7 billion, but also to meet the needs of a population expected to reach 9 billion in 2050. Hunger and malnutrition are a function of economic and social problems, not production. Moreover, not all of the calories produced go to feed humans: one third are used to feed animals, nearly 5 per cent are used to produce biofuels and as much as one third are wasted all along the food chain.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of multilateral institutions 2014, para. 87a (i)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls, therefore, upon multilateral institutions to:] Implement thorough and consistent policies that emphasize the importance of substantive engagement with civil society organizations and recognize that participation at the multilateral level is an inherent component of the right to freedom of association. Such a policy should grant civil society: Full and effective participation in all activities (including planning, agenda setting, decision-making and policymaking);
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Right to food and nutrition 2016, para. 94
- Paragraph text
- The United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition, proclaimed in April 2016, could be an effective vehicle to strengthen implementation of existing nutrition commitments. However, the United Nations and the international community need to address existing flaws within the global governance system, especially the weakness of implementation and accountability. The General Assembly has called upon the World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations to lead the implementation of the Decade, recommending that multi-stakeholder platforms such as the Committee on World Food Security and the Standing Committee on Nutrition be entrusted with coordinating oversight. Recognizing legitimate concerns about the influence of private interests on nutrition policymaking, a participatory process is particularly important. This makes it imperative to protect open spaces to ensure that policy formulation is consistent with the public good, which may require the empowerment of civil society.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Food & Nutrition
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of multilateral institutions 2014, para. 87g
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls, therefore, upon multilateral institutions to:] Undertake studies on comparative good practices in civil society engagement, with recommendations on critical areas for improvement in accordance with international standards, and establish accountability mechanisms, such as the World Bank's Inspection Panel. Such a system should also include a means for individuals and organizations to file a complaint if they believe they have been subject to reprisals because of their cooperation with - or action to oppose - the multilateral organization or one of its programmes;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The implementation of the right to social protection through the adoption of social protection floors 2014, para. 51
- Paragraph text
- Second, an indispensable step is to insist on explicit recognition by key actors that there is a human right to social protection. At present, the right to social security and the right to an adequate standard of living, proclaimed so proudly in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and subsequently often reaffirmed in binding treaty obligations, are ignored or even challenged by the policies advocated by many of the key actors involved in addressing the plight of the hundreds of millions of persons living in extreme poverty. Many leading international organizations and financial institutions still avoid recognizing those rights in their policies and programmes.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The implementation of the right to social protection through the adoption of social protection floors 2014, para. 60
- Paragraph text
- It is understandable that some of those who have expended great energy on the post-2015 process should consider that only a token reference to human rights and a weak endorsement of social protection are better than nothing and that they will somehow be able over time to put a positive gloss on determinedly lacklustre goals. This is surely not enough. Civil society groups should make clear that a 1960s approach is no longer acceptable in the twenty-first century. Human rights in general should be recognized as both a central goal of sustainable development and a crucial part of the relevant process and a specific right to social protection, as defined in the Social Protection Floor Initiative and ILO recommendation No. 202, should be recognized.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The implementation of the right to social protection through the adoption of social protection floors 2014, para. 52
- Paragraph text
- Third, technocratic solutions, no matter how innovative and data-driven, will not work unless they are genuinely empowering of those whom they purport to help. In that regard, extreme poverty is a classic case study in the centrality of human dignity as a guiding principle of human rights. The poor, we have too often been told by our politicians and others, are usually to blame for their own plight, whether because of laziness, incompetence, mendacity, or whatever. Those unjustified stereotypes provide yet another justification for preferring technocratic approaches through which we measure the poor and work out how we are going to make minimal provision for them, at least in the long term. As Keynes reminded us, in the long term we are all dead. Those living in extreme poverty will be dead even more quickly, so that long-term solutions may be little more than an illusion. Short-term empowerment and respect are what is needed. We need to reassert a common humanity, shared responsibilities and the centrality of human dignity.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The implementation of the right to social protection through the adoption of social protection floors 2014, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- One of the most prominent proponents of social protection floors and a principal drafter of ILO recommendation No. 202 has called for the drafting of a "United Nations convention on national floors for social protection," on the grounds that this would "create a much more durable instrument than development goals that have to be revised every few decades". While appealing on the face of it, the proposal will certainly fall foul of the clearly demonstrated leeriness of States about creating new human rights treaties. More importantly, it takes insufficient account of the role currently and potentially played by the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the treaty body monitoring its implementation. An alternative therefore would be to propose the drafting of an optional protocol to the Covenant. However, aside from the cost and time involved in such an initiative, there is a strong general argument that new instruments should not risk making optional what is already mandatory - in this case the right to social protection under the Covenant.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Taxation and human rightss 2014, para. 79h
- Paragraph text
- [States must realize the full potential of tax collection as a tool to generate revenue for the fulfilment of human rights obligations and to redress discrimination and inequality. Human rights principles regarding participation, transparency, accountability and non-discrimination should be followed throughout the whole revenue-raising cycle. For this purpose, States should:] Take measures to build the capacity of all people to understand fiscal policy options, and establish inclusive mechanisms to ensure that they are actively engaged in devising the most appropriate policy options;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Taxation and human rightss 2014, para. 79e
- Paragraph text
- [States must realize the full potential of tax collection as a tool to generate revenue for the fulfilment of human rights obligations and to redress discrimination and inequality. Human rights principles regarding participation, transparency, accountability and non-discrimination should be followed throughout the whole revenue-raising cycle. For this purpose, States should:] Conduct human rights assessments of fiscal policy periodically and with broad public participation, including analysis of the distributional consequences and tax burden borne by different income sectors and disadvantaged groups;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Taxation and human rightss 2014, para. 79k
- Paragraph text
- [States must realize the full potential of tax collection as a tool to generate revenue for the fulfilment of human rights obligations and to redress discrimination and inequality. Human rights principles regarding participation, transparency, accountability and non-discrimination should be followed throughout the whole revenue-raising cycle. For this purpose, States should:] Ensure accessible channels for accountability and remedy for any negative human rights impact of fiscal policy, including by strengthening the capacity of the judicial system and national human rights institutions to address fiscal policy;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Taxation and human rightss 2014, para. 79l
- Paragraph text
- [States must realize the full potential of tax collection as a tool to generate revenue for the fulfilment of human rights obligations and to redress discrimination and inequality. Human rights principles regarding participation, transparency, accountability and non-discrimination should be followed throughout the whole revenue-raising cycle. For this purpose, States should:] Ensure that extractive industries are subject to appropriate tax rates and export duties, and that the human rights of affected communities and future generations are protected in the exploitation of natural resources;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Gender perspectives on torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment 2016, para. 70q
- Paragraph text
- [With regard to women, girls, and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons in detention, the Special Rapporteur calls on all States to:] Ensure that migrants, refugees and asylum seekers are individually assessed, including with respect to their need for protection, and that adequate screening and assessment procedures are in place to identify victims of torture and ill-treatment; provide opportunities for safe, voluntary and dignified disclosure of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex status; and ensure that measures taken by migration authorities do not retraumatize victims;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Girls
- LGBTQI+
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and press freedom 2010, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- It is also worrying that the number of journalists forced into exile as a result of attacks, threats and possible imprisonment doubled between 2009 and 2010 compared with the previous year. While the host Government has the obligation to respect and to ensure the rights of all individuals within its territory, regardless of nationality or other grounds, the Special Rapporteur reiterates the obligation of all States to guarantee the protection of journalists and others who exercise their right to freedom of expression in their own countries in the first place.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and press freedom 2010, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- As restrictive national laws are used to justify harassment and interference with citizen journalists' freedom of expression, the Special Rapporteur urges States to fulfil their international human rights obligations by ensuring that legal provisions that criminalize freedom of expression, whether in the penal code, press law or elsewhere, are in conformity with international legal standards. When promulgating Internet-specific laws, States must ensure that they comply with article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Universal Declaration on Human Rights.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and press freedom 2010, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur also encourages all States to establish an early-warning and urgent response mechanism for the protection of journalists; such a mechanism should also exist for the protection of human rights defenders. It should be an official State commission with high-level recognition and an appropriate budget, composed of high-level representatives of State institutions related to security, territorial administration and human rights, as well as representatives of journalists' associations, media associations and non-governmental organizations working on issues related to the right to freedom of expression. The Commission's plan of work and urgent response procedures should be determined through a common agreement among its members, according to the circumstances of the country or a region within the country.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Key trends and challenges to the right of all individuals to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through the Internet 2011, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- States are obliged to guarantee a free flow of ideas and information and the right to seek and receive as well as to impart information and ideas over the Internet. States are also required under international law to prohibit under its criminal law the following types of content: (a) child pornography; (b) direct and public incitement to commit genocide; (c) advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence; and (d) incitement to terrorism. However, the Special Rapporteur reminds all States that any such laws must also comply with the three criteria of restrictions to the right to freedom of expression, namely: prescription by unambiguous law; pursuance of a legitimate purpose; and respect for the principles of necessity and proportionality.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Key trends and challenges to the right of all individuals to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through the Internet 2011, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- Moreover, given the essential role played by the Internet to facilitate the enjoyment of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, as well as other rights, such as education, freedom of association and assembly, citizen participation and economic and social development, the Special Rapporteur believes that it is not only important but imperative that States adopt effective and concrete policies and strategies, developed in consultation with individuals from all segments of society, including the private sector and relevant Government ministries, in order to make the Internet widely available, accessible and affordable to all, based on the principles of non-discrimination of any kind, including on the grounds of race, colour, sex, language, disability, economic origin or any other status.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Key trends and challenges to the right of all individuals to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through the Internet 2011, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur encourages the translation of websites into multiple languages, including languages spoken by minorities and indigenous peoples, and their accessibility to persons with disabilities. Allowing people speaking different languages or with disabilities to participate in the same communication platform facilitates a truly global society. In addition, he recommends that all States ensure that all relevant governance information, including on the local levels, is available and accessible in the language of all those concerned.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Persons with disabilities
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and media freedom 2012, para. 100
- Paragraph text
- Bearing in mind that standards exist in international human rights law for the protection of professional journalists outside of armed conflict situations, the Special Rapporteur urges States, with whom the primary responsibility for the protection of journalists lies, to implement those standards at the national level. This includes ensuring that no legislation is passed to unduly limit the freedom of expression of journalists, ensuring the physical and psychological integrity of journalists, and taking steps to tackle impunity for perpetrators of human rights violations against journalists.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and media freedom 2012, para. 97
- Paragraph text
- Laws that criminalize expression continue to be used by States to imprison journalists who disseminate "inconvenient" information. Journalists may be arrested and detained, particularly in the run-up to elections, often on the basis of vague anti-terrorist or national security laws. The Special Rapporteur is deeply concerned that the current number of journalists in prison is the highest since 1996. Criminal prosecution of journalists creates a "chilling effect" that stifles reporting on issues of public interest.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and media freedom 2012, para. 115
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur encourages coordination between United Nations agencies and initiatives, such as the United Nations joint Plan of Action on the Protection of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity. Greater coordination between United Nations agencies, in terms of funding and programmes, may result in more efficient use of resources and less duplication of work. The Special Rapporteur welcomes the fact that civil society was consulted as part of the initiative and encourages strengthened links between United Nations agencies and civil society in the protection of journalists.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to access information 2013, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- Over the past three decades, the right to truth has most often been invoked in situations relating to the failure of the State to ensure accountability for systematic violations of human rights and to provide appropriate reparations. It has also commonly been related to the right of victims and their relatives to demand investigations and information as a first step in achieving justice. As international jurisprudence has evolved, it has become evident that the right to truth has also a clear, collective dimension. There is a shared interest in the clarification of human rights violations and in the dissemination of information on the context in which they occurred, especially so as to re-establish trust in State institutions and to ensure non-repetition of the violations. The realization of the right to truth, at both the individual and the collective levels, requires access to and, often, also the dissemination of information on human rights violations.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Families
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and media freedom 2012, para. 93
- Paragraph text
- While armed conflict situations may place journalists at risk, the Special Rapporteur notes that the majority of attacks against journalists take place outside of armed conflict situations. Individuals who cover public demonstrations, report on issues such as corruption, human rights violations, environmental issues, organized crime, drug trafficking, public crises or emergencies are placed at particular risk of violence. Nevertheless, the Special Rapporteur also reiterates the importance of the following concerns.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Humanitarian
- Violence
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred 2012, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur appeals to States, civil society organizations and the media to proactively facilitate the counter-speech of individuals and groups who are systematically targeted by hate speech, including through the Internet. For example, the media could ensure that such groups have a right to reply, while States could establish comprehensive strategies of interaction to foster tolerance, such as platforms of intercultural and interreligious dialogue from the local to the international levels.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right of the child to freedom of expression 2014, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- States should carefully revise laws and regulations concerning the protection of children in broadcasting activities, the Internet and any other media. Classification systems are acceptable for the protection of children in broadcasting activities, for example, but the prior suppression of any particular expression before it is made public is unacceptable. The independence of authorities mandated to enforce regulations on communications should be protected from political and economic interference.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The protection of sources and whistle-blowers 2015, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- Basic protections are critical to an effective right to freedom of expression, accountability and democratic governance. Individual cases of disproportionate treatment and retaliation against sources and whistle-blowers have been in the public eye over recent years, relating to intelligence agencies, asylum programmes, public health, environmental protection, corruption in the business and financial sectors, international organizations and many other domains. The Special Rapporteur has avoided mentioning specific cases in the present report. Moving forward, the principles identified in the present report will be applied in communications with Governments and international organizations on specific cases. The Special Rapporteur looks forward to a dialogue with Governments to help to improve their legal frameworks and establish effective protection of sources and whistle-blowers.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression in electoral contexts 2014, para. 78
- Paragraph text
- Examples from around the world indicate that the regulation of political and electoral communications can both enhance and undermine the enjoyment of free expression rights during political processes. Therefore, States must carefully evaluate the impact of each norm and ensure that an equitable balance is struck in providing for a structural environment that will enhance freedom of expression while not hindering the independent role of the media or the content of political expression. To ensure the adequate translation of norms into practice, it is critical that judicial entities and electoral authorities tasked with overseeing respect for the right to freedom of expression in electoral processes are totally independent and sufficiently resourced to implement their mandates in a timely and effective way. States should also take measures to prevent speech that constitutes incitement to hatred, hostility, discrimination and violence.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Freedom of expression, States and the private sector in the digital age 2016, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur strongly encourages all stakeholders - whether State actors, private sector enterprises or civil society organizations and individuals - to take an active part in the development of the forthcoming projects. He particularly encourages stakeholders from less developed countries and vulnerable communities to share perspectives on the impact that the information and communication technology sector may have on the enjoyment of rights and the role that States may play in either interfering with or advancing those rights.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Freedom of expression, States and the private sector in the digital age 2016, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- It is also critical that private entities ensure the greatest possible transparency in their policies, standards and actions that implicate the freedom of expression and other fundamental rights. Human rights assessments should be subject to transparent review, in terms of their methodologies, their interpretation of legal obligations and the weight that such assessments have on business decisions. Transparency is important across the board, including in the context of content regulation, and should include the reporting of government requests for takedowns.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Freedom of expression, States and the private sector in the digital age 2016, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- As the present report has shown, many international organizations play a role in information and communication technology governance processes. It is critical that such organizations provide meaningful public access to policies, standards, reports and other information concerning Internet governance created or generated by the organization and/or its membership, including through facilitating access to free online resources and public education initiatives. More generally, the multi-stakeholder process for Internet governance has been an important driver for policies supportive of freedom of expression. With that in mind, international organizations should ensure meaningful civil society participation in policymaking and other standard-setting processes, including through increasing the presence of technical experts sensitive to human rights concerns.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Contemporary challenges to freedom of expression 2016, para. 55
- Paragraph text
- In the present report, I have sought to describe trends working against freedom of opinion and expression around the world today. Those trends are sobering. Individuals seeking to exercise their right to expression face all kinds of limitations. Rationales are often unsustainable. Some of the limitations involve assertions of a legitimate objective - typically national security or public order - without the barest demonstration of legality or necessity and proportionality. Other limitations are based on objectives that are not legitimate under international human rights law. Old tools remain in use, while others are expanding, as States exploit society's pervasive need to access the Internet. The targets of restrictions include journalists and bloggers, critics of government, dissenters from conventional life, provocateurs and minorities of all sorts. Our communications have revealed allegations relating to all of these issues, and reporting from civil society suggests that the problems are more pervasive and extensive than even our communications illuminate.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of elections 2013, para. 57
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is deeply concerned about the increase in human rights violations and abuses in several parts of the world, committed against those who exercise or seek to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of elections, which indelibly stain such elections. In the light of this, he wishes to make the following recommendations, which should be read in conjunction with those already formulated in his two thematic reports presented at the Human Rights Council in 2012 (A/HRC/20/27, para. 84-100) and 2013 (A/HRC/23/39, para. 81-83), some of which are reiterated here.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 74b
- Paragraph text
- [In relation to recommendations pertaining to the exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, the Special Rapporteur reiterates all the recommendations contained in his previous thematic reports. They are all the more relevant for individuals belonging to groups most at risk whose rights are more likely to be violated or unduly restricted. In particular, he calls upon States to:] Ensure that any restrictions on the rights of individuals belonging to groups most at risk to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association are prescribed by law, necessary in a democratic society and proportional to the aim pursued, and do not harm the principles of pluralism, tolerance and broadmindedness. Any restrictions should be subject to an independent, impartial and prompt judicial review;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 74e
- Paragraph text
- [In relation to recommendations pertaining to the exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, the Special Rapporteur reiterates all the recommendations contained in his previous thematic reports. They are all the more relevant for individuals belonging to groups most at risk whose rights are more likely to be violated or unduly restricted. In particular, he calls upon States to:] Ensure that administrative and law enforcement officials are adequately trained in relation to the respect of the rights of individuals belonging to groups most at risk to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, in particular in relation to their specific protection needs;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Fundamentalism and its impact on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association 2016, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- Fundamentalism is one of the overriding preoccupations of our time, but the Special Rapporteur believes that our understanding of this phenomenon remains clouded. Fundamentalism is not simply about terrorism, extremism or even religion. It is, at bottom, a mindset based on intolerance of difference - whether religious, secular, political, cultural, economic or otherwise. Such mindsets do not, in and of themselves, constitute violations of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, or of other rights. But they can form the ideological basis for such violations. In the worst cases, they can also motivate extremist actions.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Criminalisation of sexual and reproductive health 2011, para. 65i
- Paragraph text
- [In applying a right-to-health approach, States should undertake reforms toward the development and implementation of policies and programmes relating to sexual and reproductive health as required by international human rights law. In that context, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to:] Consider, as an interim measure, the formulation of policies and protocols by responsible authorities imposing a moratorium on the application of criminal laws concerning abortion, including legal duties on medical professionals to report women to law enforcement authorities;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Women
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to health and development 2011, para. 59
- Paragraph text
- The need to incorporate human rights into development is important for the long-term sustainability and legitimacy of development as an enterprise. Many models of development failed to address basic human needs, and further, neglected the rights of people whilst pursuing development outcomes supposedly designed to benefit them. Human rights-based approaches to development are particularly useful in this regard, and their use should be promoted. The right to health can be a particularly powerful reference in that regard because of its close links to a full range of other rights and the crucial role that health plays in development, both human and economic.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Report on expert consultation on access to medicines 2011, para. 44
- Paragraph text
- The right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health encompasses access to medical services and the underlying determinants of health, such as water, sanitation, non-discrimination and equality. As access to medicines is an integral and fundamental part of the right to health, Governments and the international community as a whole have a responsibility to provide access to medicines for all. Yet massive inequalities remain in access to medicines around the world, as up to 2 billion people (or one third of the world's population) lack access to essential medicines. Most of them live in low- and middle-income countries, where the needs of persons living in poverty, women, children and undocumented migrants, as well as other marginalized and vulnerable groups who are often discriminated against in terms of access to medicines, are ignored or underestimated.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Poverty
- Water & Sanitation
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The realization of the right to health of older persons 2011, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- In a report of this length, it is impossible to address all of the important issues, but the Special Rapporteur notes with urgency the present demographic changes leading to a rapidly increasing number of older persons. Society should move beyond seeking simply healthy ageing for its citizens, and begin working towards active and dignified ageing, which should be planned and supported just like any other stage of the individual's life course. Planning for old age implies putting in place diagnostic and prevention services at the primary healthcare level long before ageing sets in. The pursuit of active and dignified ageing for older persons requires re-framing society's concept of ageing to focus on the continued participation of older persons in social, economic, cultural and civic affairs, as well as their continuous contributions to society longer into their lives. The promotion and protection of the human rights of older persons should be of concern to everyone because ageing is a process which everyone will undergo. Older persons are especially vulnerable as a group because of stereotyped perceptions of the group as a "lapsed" segment of society. However, as life expectancy increases and medicine improves, older persons stay active longer than ever before, both in terms of occupational and non-occupational activities. Encouraging older persons to remain physically, politically, socially and economically active for as long as possible will benefit not only the individual, but also the society as a whole.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- Older persons
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Occupational health 2012, para. 60g
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States take the following steps in order to realize the right to occupational health:] Prevent, control and treat occupational diseases, with special attention to vulnerable groups. In order to do so, States must ensure that: The relationship between the work environment and health is monitored through State-led inspections of worksites and production facilities; Information is disseminated in order to educate workers about work and occupational health in a manner that can be easily understood by workers; Exposure to harmful substances in the workplace and home environments that overlap with the workplace is restricted or prohibited, including agricultural pesticides; Occupational health services are available at easily accessible locations and during hours that accommodate workers schedules, and include rehabilitation of affected individuals back into the workplace; Health workers are aware of the specific health risks faced by workers and are trained to detect, prevent and treat occupational diseases.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Occupational health 2012, para. 60d
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States take the following steps in order to realize the right to occupational health:] Ensure mechanisms are in place to monitor and evaluate occupational health prior to the formulation and implementation of occupational health laws and policies. These should include: Disease and epidemiological surveillance, including the collection of disaggregated data; Human rights and health impact assessments and risk surveillance; Development, with the direct participation of workers, of the right to health indicators and benchmarks, against which occupational health laws and policies must be measured.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 76c
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that sending and receiving States take the following steps in order to realize the right to health of migrant workers:] Encourage collection of disaggregated data by age and gender of all migrant workers, to assess their level of health-related knowledge, health needs and occupational injuries and deaths, including suicide, and accordingly inform policies regarding migrant workers. Such information should be protected by adequate data protection measures to ensure privacy and confidentiality of the data;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 76h
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that sending and receiving States take the following steps in order to realize the right to health of migrant workers:] Delink access to health facilities, goods and services from the legal status of migrant workers and ensure that preventative, curative and emergency health facilities, goods and services are available and accessible to all migrant workers, including irregular migrant workers, in a non-discriminatory manner. States should endeavour to prevent treatment interruption for migrant workers and remove barriers to accessing health care, such as those that are linguistic, cultural, administrative and employment-related;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Effective and full implementation of the right to health framework, including justiciability of ESCR and the right to health; the progressive realisation of the right to health; the accountability deficit of transnational corporations; and the current ... 2014, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- There is a need to further clarify the issues of justiciability, progressive realization and enforcement of the right to health. This will help in highlighting the important role of the right to health in the individual's ability to live with dignity. It will also facilitate better planning and implementation of health-related policies. In the context of the current political and economic climate dominated by transnational corporations, steps should be taken to ensure that there are binding legal human rights obligations on transnational corporations towards individuals.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Analysis of two alternative housing policies: rental and collective housing 2013, para. 68a (i)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In that context, she makes the following recommendations:] States should promote various forms of tenure: A mixture of tenure solutions, including private and public rental and collective tenure, is essential for the promotion of access to adequate housing for the various segments of society and in order to shield individuals and households from economic and financial shocks. Legal and institutional frameworks should be created to ensure security of tenure for all forms of tenure;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Analysis of two alternative housing policies: rental and collective housing 2013, para. 68a (ii)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In that context, she makes the following recommendations:] States should promote various forms of tenure: The design of housing policies should be based on an assessment of housing needs, taking into consideration the specific demographic, geographic, economic and social conditions in each region, and the characteristics of the various disadvantaged groups (including low-income households), their existing housing conditions and forms of tenure;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Analysis of two alternative housing policies: rental and collective housing 2013, para. 68c (ii)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In that context, she makes the following recommendations:] Collective forms of tenure should be encouraged: Cooperative and collective forms of tenure are inextricably linked to enhanced democratic participation and community-led governance. States should therefore support activities of civil society organizations that play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of collective forms of tenure, in particular for low-income groups.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Guiding Principles on security of tenure for the urban poor 2014, para. 4e
- Paragraph text
- [Property has a vital social function including adequate housing of the urban poor. States should balance property rights with the social function of property in designing and implementing housing and other relevant policies. In particular, States, including relevant authorities, should promote access to secure and well-located housing for the urban poor through, inter alia, the following measures:] Adopt inclusive urban planning strategies and regulations;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Guiding Principles on security of tenure for the urban poor 2014, para. 4f
- Paragraph text
- [Property has a vital social function including adequate housing of the urban poor. States should balance property rights with the social function of property in designing and implementing housing and other relevant policies. In particular, States, including relevant authorities, should promote access to secure and well-located housing for the urban poor through, inter alia, the following measures:] Adopt measures to regulate and stimulate the low-income rental market and collective forms of tenure; and
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Centrality of the right to adequate housing for the development and implementation of the New Urban Agenda to be adopted at Habitat III in October 2016 2015, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- Human rights can be transformational. The present report has outlined their tremendous capacity in the urban context. With the right to adequate housing as a pillar, a human rights framework can provide the coherence and consistency sorely needed to achieve sustainable, inclusive cities for all. Housing is a major component of any city and central in the lives of those who are marginalized or face situations of vulnerability, and States and local governments have core obligations to uphold the right to adequate housing. Housing cannot be sidelined.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to life and the right to adequate housing: the indivisibility and interdependence between these rights 2016, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- Human rights organizations and human rights funders should conduct audits of their priorities and programmes to assess whether adequate attention and resources have been provided to those whose right to life and right to housing have been violated. More attention should be paid to an assessment of whether States have taken reasonable measures to respond to systemic violations of the right to housing and the right to life. Strategic litigation and other initiatives should be developed and funded to advance, on a systematic basis, better recognition, advancement and protection of the rights claims of those living in extreme poverty and in grossly inadequate housing, or who are homeless.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Homelessness as a global human rights crisis that demands an urgent global response 2016, para. 91h
- Paragraph text
- [In line with the present conclusions, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations to States:] Homeless people must be ensured access to hearings and effective remedies for violations of their rights, including as a result of the failure of States to take reasonable measures within the maximum available resources to eliminate homelessness. Class or group actions should be facilitated where possible and effective remedies should be available in multiple forums, including courts, administrative tribunals and national human rights institutions;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Homelessness as a global human rights crisis that demands an urgent global response 2016, para. 85
- Paragraph text
- Widespread homelessness is evidence of the failure of States to protect and ensure the human rights of the most vulnerable populations. It is occurring in all countries, regardless of the phase of development of their economic or governance systems, and it has been occurring with impunity. The nature and scope of homelessness globally suggests society's lack of compassion for the full scale of deprivation and loss of dignity associated with being homeless. It is a phenomenon requiring urgent and immediate action by the international community and by all States.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Homelessness as a global human rights crisis that demands an urgent global response 2016, para. 91b
- Paragraph text
- [In line with the present conclusions, the Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations to States:] All States must develop and implement, on an immediate basis, coordinated rights-based strategies to prevent and eliminate homelessness. Those strategies must include measureable goals and timelines; be developed and implemented in consultation and collaboratively with stakeholders; make explicit reference to international human rights law, including the right to adequate housing and non-discrimination; include monitoring and review mechanisms to ensure progress; and incorporate claiming mechanisms for alleged violations of human rights, including failures of States to adequately implement required strategies;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Financialization of housing and the right to adequate housing 2017, para. 77e
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur suggests that the way forward requires a shift to take hold so that States ensure that all investment in housing recognizes its social function and States' human rights obligations in that regard. That requires a transformation of the relationship between the State and the financial sector, whereby human rights implementation becomes the overriding goal, not a subsidiary or neglected obligation. The Special Rapporteur believes that can be achieved with more constructive engagement and dialogue between States, human rights actors, international and domestic financial regulatory bodies, private equity firms and major investors. In order to create those new conversations and achieve that shift, the Special Rapporteur recommends the following:] States should review all laws and policies related to foreclosure, indebtedness and housing, to ensure consistency with the right to adequate housing, including the obligation to prevent any eviction resulting in homelessness;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Role of national human rights institutions in the promotion and protection of human rights and as protectors of human rights defenders 2013, para. 120g
- Paragraph text
- [To national human rights institutions:] Should establish a focal point or an entity dedicated to human rights defenders with specific attention to groups of defenders at particular risk such as women defenders and those working for women's rights and gender issues; those working on the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) communities; defenders working on environmental and land issues; journalists; and lawyers. This entity must be adequately resourced in order to respond promptly to reported violations and to offer necessary protection;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Gender
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- LGBTQI+
- Women
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Elements of a safe and enabling environment for human rights defenders 2014, para. 129
- Paragraph text
- States have the primary responsibility to ensure that defenders work in a safe and enabling environment. Such an environment should include a conducive legal, institutional and administrative framework; access to justice and an end to impunity for violations against defenders; a strong and independent national human rights institution; policies and programmes with specific attention to women defenders; effective protection policies and mechanisms paying attention to groups at risk; non-State actors that respect and support the work of defenders; safe and open access to international human rights bodies; and a strong, dynamic and diverse community of defenders.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Women
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Workplan and Future Activities of the Special Rapporteur 2015, para. 120
- Paragraph text
- While observing the working rules applying to special procedures mandate holders, the Special Rapporteur intends to interpret his mandate as widely as possible in order to make it as effective as possible, basing his approach on the results obtained by his predecessor and on the knowledge acquired and the working methods used. He means to explore new avenues and innovative working techniques, where that seems appropriate, and to inform the Council of his activities on a regular basis.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Good practices in the protection of human rights defenders 2016, para. 111
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur proposes seven principles that, in his view, should underpin good practices by States in the protection of human rights defenders:] Principle 3: They should recognize the significance of gender in the protection of defenders and apply an intersectionality approach to the assessment of risks and to the design of protection initiatives. They should also recognize that some defenders are at greater risk than others because of who they are and what they do.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Work in progress, challenges and the way forward 2017, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- When the Special Rapporteur took up his functions in 2014, he knew that the expectations regarding his mandate were at least as great as the threats to the individuals who defend human rights and freedoms. He sought to open new doors and to push the limits of the mandate. Having benefited from a vast number of meetings and activities conducted over the past three years, he would like to continue and intensify these initiatives and give them time to bear fruit. The activities covered in this report therefore represent a work in progress. The Special Rapporteur is particularly keen to strengthen initiatives to improve the implementation of recommendations and resolutions on the protection of defenders. To that end, he would like to develop tools to measure their implementation and to focus on strengthening the capacities of national actors to act on recommendations and resolutions and make them a reality on the ground.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right of indigenous peoples to development with culture and identity, the right of indigenous peoples to participation and the obligation of States to implement the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 2010, para. 74a
- Paragraph text
- [Within both of these areas of concern, there is a need for Governments to decidedly fold into development programmes the goal of increasing indigenous self-determination. Enhancing indigenous self-determination is a matter of basic human dignity as well as being conducive to successful practical outcomes. Among the objectives to be pursued in this regard are the following:] Enhancing indigenous education and skills in relevant areas so that indigenous peoples themselves can engage and participate in the various components of development programmes and projects that affect them in the modern world, including natural resource extraction projects;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Education
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right of indigenous peoples to development with culture and identity, the right of indigenous peoples to participation and the obligation of States to implement the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 2010, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- Participation in decision-making is a foundational right that at its core provides the basis for the enjoyment of the full range of human rights. Furthermore, a number of basic human rights principles underpin the right to participation and inform its content, including, among others, principles of self-determination, equality, cultural integrity and property. In understanding the right to participation in the context of indigenous peoples, it is useful to distinguish between the external and internal dimensions of the right.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The need to harmonize activities affecting indigenous peoples within the United Nations system 2012, para. 80
- Paragraph text
- A wide range of institutions and processes exist within the United Nations system, which affect indigenous peoples and which have an important role to play in the promotion of their human rights. The activities of various agencies, funds, programmes and human rights bodies and mechanisms, in addition to the mechanisms with mandates specific to indigenous peoples (the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples), touch upon indigenous issues.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The need to harmonize activities affecting indigenous peoples within the United Nations system 2012, para. 95
- Paragraph text
- A coordinated effort should be made to develop the capacities and skills of indigenous peoples to ensure that they are able to participate effectively in international processes which affect their rights and to engage effectively in consultations with United Nations institutions in the elaboration, implementation and evaluation of programmes affecting them. Some initiatives have been taken in this regard, but it is apparent to the Special Rapporteur that more capacity-building opportunities for indigenous peoples are required. Initiatives for such capacity-building could be advanced by the Inter-Agency Support Group on Indigenous Issues.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The need to harmonize activities affecting indigenous peoples within the United Nations system 2012, para. 92
- Paragraph text
- As for existing treaties or other normative instruments, including agency guidelines and policies, they should be interpreted and implemented in a way that is consistent with the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, whether or not the specific texts of these instruments reflect language which exactly matches the terms of the Declaration, unless the wording clearly does not allow for such an interpretation. If the wording of a text is such that it cannot be applied consistently with the Declaration, it should be amended or reformed.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Strengthening commitment to the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and its implementation 2013, para. 82
- Paragraph text
- Within each of the work areas, the Special Rapporteur has built upon established work methods generally employed by Human Rights Council special procedure mandate holders, while also developing new ones, especially in relation to the promotion of good practices and addressing cases of alleged human rights violations through the communications procedure. The Special Rapporteur considers that the innovation in work methods has contributed to greater responsiveness to the human rights concerns of indigenous peoples and to assisting States and other actors to address those concerns, in furtherance of his mandate by the Human Rights Council.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Strengthening commitment to the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and its implementation 2013, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- There is an urgent need for greater awareness about the human rights values and concerns represented by the Declaration and about the standards that are articulated in the Declaration to address those concerns. Greater efforts must be put in place to achieve such broad awareness among governmental and other influential actors, the international system, and the general public. Without broad understanding about the reasons for the Declaration and the path forward that it marks, that path will be difficult, if not impossible to implement.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Extractive industries and indigenous peoples 2013, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- For their part, extractive companies should adopt policies and practices to ensure that all aspects of their operations are respectful of the rights of indigenous peoples, in accordance with international standards and not just domestic law, including with regard to requirements of consultation and consent. Companies should conduct due diligence to ensure that their actions will not violate or be complicit in violating indigenous peoples' rights, identifying and assessing any actual or potential adverse human rights impacts of a resource extraction project.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Violence against indigenous women and girls; rights of indigenous peoples in relation to extractive industries 2012, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- For their part, business enterprises have a responsibility to respect human rights, including the rights of indigenous peoples. The corporate responsibility to respect human rights exists independently of States' ability or willingness to fulfil their own human rights obligations, and it exists over and above compliance with national laws and regulations protecting human rights. Businesses must carry out due diligence to ensure that their activities do not infringe or contribute to the infringement of the rights of indigenous peoples that are internationally recognized, regardless of the reach of domestic laws.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Key trends and challenges to the right of all individuals to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through the Internet 2011, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- The general rule should be to maintain openness and the free flow of information over the Internet, with limitations, which should conform to the criteria established under international human rights law, as the exception. To protect the right to freedom of expression from undue restrictions, the Special Rapporteur has attempted to distinguish the types of expression: (a) which constitute an offence under international law and which States are required to prohibit; (b) which are not criminally punishable but may justify a civil suit; and (c) which do not give rise to criminal or civil sanctions, but still raise concerns in terms of tolerance, civility and respect for others. Each category poses different issues of principle, and thus requires different legal responses, as highlighted below.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Groups in need of attention, limitations to the right to freedom of expression, and protection of journalists 2010, para. 124
- Paragraph text
- It is recommended that States, the media and financial institutions implement the recommendations set forth in the Colombo Declaration, which are aimed at strengthening the freedom of expression of marginalized sectors of society and their access to media of their own, including electronic media, with a view not only to promoting freedom of expression and democracy but also to combating poverty and meeting the Millennium Development Goals. It is also recommended that States establish a special fund to subsidize access (which requires both connectivity and the necessary equipment) to electronic media for all sectors.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Key trends and challenges to the right of all individuals to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through the Internet 2011, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- In particular, the Special Rapporteur recommends that States take proactive measures to ensure that Internet connectivity is available on an individual or communal level in all inhabited localities of the State, by working on initiatives with the private sector, including in remote or rural areas. Such measures involve the adoption and implementation of policies that facilitate access to Internet connection and to low-cost hardware, including in remote and rural areas, including the subsidization of service, if necessary.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression exercised through the Internet 2011, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur is deeply concerned by increasingly sophisticated blocking or filtering mechanisms used by States for censorship. The lack of transparency surrounding these measures also makes it difficult to ascertain whether blocking or filtering is really necessary for the purported aims put forward by States. As such, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States that currently block websites to provide lists of blocked websites and full details regarding the necessity and justification for blocking each individual website. An explanation should also be provided on the affected websites as to why they have been blocked. Any determination on what content should be blocked must be undertaken by a competent judicial authority or a body which is independent of any political, commercial, or other unwarranted influences.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression exercised through the Internet 2011, para. 73
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur reiterates the call to all States to decriminalize defamation. Additionally, he underscores that protection of national security or countering terrorism cannot be used to justify restricting the right to expression unless it can be demonstrated that: (a) the expression is intended to incite imminent violence; (b) it is likely to incite such violence; and (c) there is a direct and immediate connection between the expression and the likelihood or occurrence of such violence.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred 2012, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- Accordingly, laws to combat hate speech must be carefully construed and applied by the judiciary not to excessively curtail legitimate types of expression. At the same time, while laws are certainly necessary and an important component in addressing hate speech, they should be complemented by a broad set of policy measures to bring about genuine changes in mindsets, perception and discourse. Such a multilayered approach, supported by political and social will and commitment to effecting change, not only aids in addressing less severe forms of hate speech, but also supports awareness-raising and prevention.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Hate speech and incitement to hatred 2012, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- To help to provide further guidance to States, the Special Rapporteur recommends that the international human rights mechanisms renew their engagement with States on the issue of hate speech, including ratification of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination and review of any reservations relating to incitement to hatred. Non-State actors should also be involved. In addition, the Human Rights Committee could consider adopting a general comment on article 20 of the Covenant. The Human Rights Committee and the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination could also discuss the relationship between article 20 of the Covenant and article 4 of the Convention.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Protection of journalists and media freedom 2012, para. 96
- Paragraph text
- The emergence of "online journalists" - both professionals and untrained so-called "citizen journalists" - play an increasingly important role in documenting and disseminating news in real time as they unfold on the ground. Journalists who publish their work online should be afforded the same protection under articles 19 of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights and of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Any restriction applied to online content must also be in conformity with the three-part test set out in article 19, paragraph 3, of the Covenant.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to access information 2013, para. 92
- Paragraph text
- In this context, the Special Rapporteur concludes that the right to access information on human rights violations, as enshrined by the right to freedom of expression, should be considered to be part of the right to truth in all circumstances - whether it relates to past or present situations, is claimed by victims, their relatives or by anyone in the name of public interest, in situations of political transition or not, and irrespective of the existence of legal proceedings, including when judicial action has expired.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Families
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to access information 2013, para. 106
- Paragraph text
- Information regarding gross violations of human rights must not be withheld on national security grounds. When limitations are deemed absolutely necessary, the State has the burden of proof in demonstrating that the exceptions are compatible with international human rights law. Information regarding other violations of human rights must be subject to a high presumption of disclosure and, in any event, may not be withheld on national security grounds in a manner that would prevent accountability, or deprive a victim of access to an effective remedy. The Tshwane Principles are an important instrument for guiding efforts to revise norms and practices aimed at promoting secrecy on national security grounds.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The implications of States’ surveillance of communications on the exercise of the human rights to privacy and to freedom of opinion and expression 2013, para. 81
- Paragraph text
- Communications surveillance should be regarded as a highly intrusive act that potentially interferes with the rights to freedom of expression and privacy and threatens the foundations of a democratic society. Legislation must stipulate that State surveillance of communications must only occur under the most exceptional circumstances and exclusively under the supervision of an independent judicial authority. Safeguards must be articulated in law relating to the nature, scope and duration of the possible measures, the grounds required for ordering them, the authorities competent to authorize, carry out and supervise them, and the kind of remedy provided by the national law.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right of the child to freedom of expression 2014, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- Children's right to freedom of expression is well established by international human rights treaties, including the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which represents a milestone for the protection of all children's rights. In practice, recognizing children as full subjects of rights - the vision set out in the Convention - requires a shift in laws, policies and attitudes. Respecting, protecting and promoting the right of children to freedom of expression is at the heart of this shift.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression in electoral contexts 2014, para. 76
- Paragraph text
- During electoral processes, States must ensure that the right to freedom of expression is guaranteed to political candidates and their supporters, opposition groups, political lobbies and the whole spectrum of media actors, from news media to bloggers, commentators and analysts. Political communications must be unhindered by restrictions that hamper the fluid exchange of opinions, whether such restrictions come in the form of explicit prohibitions of certain political positions, or limitations that indirectly "chill" the expression of the opinions of political groups, such as controls of media content or on public demonstrations. At the same time, the absence of a regulatory framework to control political financing and spending, or to ensure accountability and redress for rights violations, also undermines the ability of voters, political groups and the media to exercise the right to freedom of expression during electoral processes.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression in electoral contexts 2014, para. 82a
- Paragraph text
- [The obligations to promote the enjoyment of the right to freedom of opinion and expression require that States guarantee the transparency of all aspects of political and electoral processes, and should particularly put in place measures to:] Enact regulations requiring the submission of periodic financial reports by parties, political organizations and candidates, entailing full disclosure of all resources collected, in monetary form or in kind, and their origin, and all expenditure, in order to promote public scrutiny and informed voting by citizens. Political finance reporting should be comprehensive, timely, available to the public, and subject to stringent sanctions for inadequate disclosure or timeliness;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression in electoral contexts 2014, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- Whereas the international human rights framework does not establish specific prescriptions for national regulation of political and electoral communications, it does provide very clear guiding principles that should frame the establishment and implementation of all regulations. The Special Rapporteur emphasizes that, besides promoting an adequate environment for the work of the media, States should seek to ensure the fulfilment of three key tenets in order to ensure the protection and promotion of freedom of expression during electoral processes: pluralism, transparency and accountability.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression in electoral contexts 2014, para. 81d
- Paragraph text
- [In order to secure a diverse and pluralistic political process which is hospitable to candidates and parties from across the political spectrum, States should:] Permanently assess the impact of private financing of political communication in the promotion of a plural debate; and consider adopting ceilings for donations to political campaigns in order to prevent financial imbalances from destabilizing the playing field and disproportionately limiting the participation of certain parties or candidates in political campaigns.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The protection of sources and whistle-blowers 2015, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- Any restrictions on confidentiality must be genuinely exceptional and subject to the highest standards, and implemented by judicial authorities only. Circumventions, such as secret surveillance or metadata analysis not authorized by judicial authorities according to clear and narrow legal rules, should not be used to undermine source confidentiality. States should promote tools, such as encryption and anonymizing programs, to ensure protection of sources. Authorities compelling revelation of sources must demonstrate that reasonable alternative measures to the disclosure do not exist or have been exhausted and that the legitimate interest in the disclosure clearly outweighs the public interest in the non-disclosure. These should be limited to investigations of the most serious crimes or the protection of life.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to freedom of opinion and expression in electoral contexts 2014, para. 83a
- Paragraph text
- [Accountability mechanisms are a crucial means of ensuring that regulatory frameworks are enforced and abuses of power are rectified. Impunity is a root cause of the lack of safety faced by journalists. In the context of promoting free expression during electoral processes, States should:] Ensure that electoral authorities or independent oversight bodies are given sufficient financial and human resources, and enforcement powers to carry out their duties effectively, making all political entities accountable for irregularities, including all forms of abuse of political and economic powers;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Contemporary challenges to freedom of expression 2016, para. 57e
- Paragraph text
- [Among steps that I would encourage are the following:] State leadership. One of the most disappointing aspects of the current situation for freedom of expression is that many States with strong histories of support for freedom of expression - in law and in their societies - have considered measures liable to abuse in their own countries or to misuse when applied elsewhere. In particular, Governments pursuing new policies to enhance surveillance or to limit Internet security should reconsider those efforts, as they often fail to meet the tests of necessity and proportionality. I strongly urge all States to consider that attacks on security on the Internet pose long-term threats not only to freedom of expression but also to national security and public order itself.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Freedom of expression, States and the private sector in the digital age 2016, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- States place undeniable pressures on the private information and communication technology sector that often lead to serious restrictions on the freedom of expression. The private sector, however, also plays independent roles that may either advance or restrict rights, a point the Human Rights Council well understood by adopting the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights in 2011 as general guidance in that field. Private entities should be evaluated on the steps they take both to promote and undermine freedom of expression, even in hostile environments unfriendly to human rights.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 72
- Paragraph text
- The rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association play a key role in empowering individuals belonging to groups most at risk to claim other rights and overcome the challenges associated with marginalization. Such rights must therefore not only be protected, but also facilitated. It is the responsibility of all stakeholders to ensure that the voices of individuals belonging to groups most at risk are heard, and taken into account, in compliance with the principles of pluralism of views, tolerance, broadmindedness and equity.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 71
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur emphasizes that the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association are due to everyone without distinction, within the territories of States and subject to their jurisdiction, and may not be limited on any of the prohibited grounds that the Human Rights Committee has indicated are covered by article 2 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Freedom from discrimination is also due to those who advocate and lobby on behalf of groups most at risk.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Challenges faced by groups most at risk when exercising or seeking to exercise the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and/or of association 2014, para. 74c
- Paragraph text
- [In relation to recommendations pertaining to the exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, the Special Rapporteur reiterates all the recommendations contained in his previous thematic reports. They are all the more relevant for individuals belonging to groups most at risk whose rights are more likely to be violated or unduly restricted. In particular, he calls upon States to:] Ensure that no derogation is made from the rights to life and to be free from torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment of individuals belonging to groups most at risk;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of natural resource exploitation projects 2015, para. 74b
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Create an enabling environment in which civil society can access relevant information, participate in decision-making and express opinions freely, including through peaceful assemblies, without threats of prosecution or other harm for legitimate opposition; ensure that cases of violations of human rights, including peaceful assembly and association rights, are promptly and impartially investigated and those responsible for the violations are held to account;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the context of natural resource exploitation projects 2015, para. 72c (iv)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States:] Take appropriate measures to meet extraterritorial obligations, particularly by providing access to remedy for victims of violations of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association; measures should include but are not limited to: Consider the elaboration of an international legally binding instrument on human rights standards for businesses, as proposed by the Human Rights Council in its resolution 26/9, and ensure that these standards apply to businesses working domestically as well as internationally;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace 2016, para. 94
- Paragraph text
- The majority of the world's workers, particularly those in vulnerable situations, such as migrant, women and domestic workers, are disenfranchised of their rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in the workplace. That disenfranchisement is the result of many factors, including the failure of much touted economic policies in reducing poverty and economic inequality; the increasing power of large multinational corporations and corresponding failure by States to effectively regulate and enforce norms and standards against those actors; the fragmentation of the workplace and diffusion of employer responsibilities across a range of actors; and the global crackdown on civil society that targets organizations and individuals working on labour issues.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Women
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Fundamentalism and its impact on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association 2016, para. 92e
- Paragraph text
- In this regard, the Special Rapporteur reiterates recommendations made in previous reports to the extent that they are applicable to this context, and makes the following recommendations to States: (e) Ensure that administrative and law enforcement officials are adequately trained to respect and protect the rights of individuals who may be at risk of being targeted by fundamentalist groups while exercising their rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, in particular in relation to their specific protection needs;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Criminalisation of sexual and reproductive health 2011, para. 65m
- Paragraph text
- [In applying a right-to-health approach, States should undertake reforms toward the development and implementation of policies and programmes relating to sexual and reproductive health as required by international human rights law. In that context, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to:] Ensure that conscientious objection exemptions are well-defined in scope and well-regulated in use and that referrals and alternative services are available in cases where the objection is raised by a service provider;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Report on expert consultation on access to medicines 2011, para. 45
- Paragraph text
- States have the primary responsibility for enhancing access to medicines; as the Millennium Development Goals recognize, however, this is a shared responsibility. If there is to be an increase in access to medicines, numerous national and international actors have a role to play. Pharmaceutical companies are among those who share this responsibility owing to their evident impact on the ability of Governments to realize the right to the highest attainable standard of health. The expert consultation identified the need for a reliable system for the supply of good-quality medicines that are affordable to all, including those living in poverty and other disadvantaged groups.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Migrant worker’s right to health 2013, para. 76a
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that sending and receiving States take the following steps in order to realize the right to health of migrant workers:] Institute, for regular and irregular migrant workers, evidence-based and gendered national health policies informed by the right to health framework, in particular non-discrimination and equality. Such policies should extend rights and entitlements - including underlying determinants of health - and redress mechanisms in cases of violation to migrant workers;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Report of the SR on the right to health and Agenda 2030 2016, para. 103t
- Paragraph text
- [As a matter of priority, the Special Rapporteur recommends that:] Member States ensure that the high-level political forum on sustainable development meets as often as needed, is well resourced financially and with relevant expertise, and that States report on a regular basis after conducting monitoring and participatory reviews at the national level; the high-level political forum should consider reviews undertaken by international human rights mechanisms, such as the universal periodic review, treaty bodies and special procedures of the Human Rights Council;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Report of the SR on the right to health and Agenda 2030 2016, para. 101
- Paragraph text
- The Sustainable Development Goals and the right-to-health framework have much to offer each other. Importantly, where the health-related Goals show weakness and lack of clarity with regard to implementation, the right to health will be a powerful tool to ensure effective and equitable achievement of the Goals. Embedding equity, non-discrimination and equality, participation and accountability in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda firmly harnesses the normative value of human rights, placing them at the heart of the Goals.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Migration and the right to adequate housing 2010, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- States should elaborate and adopt a national housing strategy that establishes the objectives and available resources, time frame and responsibilities for the development of appropriate housing conditions that include the needs of migrants. In addition, States should ensure that laws, strategies and plans of action are implemented in such a way as to address discrimination by public and private actors, in particular with regard to the right to adequate housing, and take account of the situation of documented and undocumented migrants. State policies should include special measures and incentives to change the attitudes of public and private actors towards migrants. States should frequently review the regulations governing housing allocation in the public and private spheres and adopt effective inspection and enforcement mechanisms.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Post conflict and post disaster reconstruction and the right to adequate housing 2011, para. 65
- Paragraph text
- The right of all people displaced as a result of conflict or disaster (refugees or IDPs) to voluntarily return to their land and homes or any other location within their country should be recognized and all possible steps should be taken to assist them to exercise that right. In cases where the displaced have settled and begun to build new lives and communities, their preference to remain should also be respected and supported. Further, in cases where secondary occupants are in possession of the land and houses of people displaced, sustained efforts should be made to achieve a negotiated agreement that satisfies all parties, prior to any legal action being taken.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Movement
- Personas afectadas
- Persons on the move
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Post conflict and post disaster reconstruction and the right to adequate housing 2011, para. 58
- Paragraph text
- [Violations of the right to adequate housing can both contribute to and result from armed conflicts and natural disasters. The poorer and marginalized members of society are disproportionately affected. Addressing existing vulnerabilities can play an important role in both preventing and mitigating the impacts of disasters and conflicts. States should therefore:] Urgently step up their efforts to respect, protect and fulfil the right to adequate housing, in all its dimensions, in both urban and rural contexts;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to adequate housing in disaster relief efforts 2011, para. 62
- Paragraph text
- In the view of the Special Rapporteur, making comprehensive efforts to realize the right to adequate housing in reconstruction efforts is not only an obligation but also an opportunity. While disaster response will not - and should not - replace development efforts, it provides an occasion to redress the inequalities that either exacerbated the natural disaster's impacts or were made visible by it, and to contribute to efforts to progressively realize the right to adequate housing for all, notably by improving tenure security.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Post conflict and post disaster reconstruction and the right to adequate housing 2011, para. 61
- Paragraph text
- [In preparing for reconstruction and development, all relevant parties and actors should acknowledge that housing has an inherent social value of vital importance for social stability, alleviation of poverty and development. Any response to the impacts of conflicts or disasters on the right to adequate housing should go beyond a focus on the damage, loss or destruction of shelter and infrastructure and should seek to address, inter alia:] Compromised access to facilities, amenities and livelihood opportunities;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The impact of housing finance policies on the right to adequate housing of those living in poverty 2012, para. 71k
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from housing policies based on the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In this context, she makes the following recommendations:] States are under the obligation to constantly assess the impact of their housing policies and to adjust, when necessary, policies that are detrimental to the progressive realization of the right to adequate housing without discrimination. States should allocate the necessary funds to facilitate effective monitoring at all stages of housing programmes;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Women and their right to adequate housing 2012, para. 75
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur encourages the Committees on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights to provide continued normative advice on women's right to adequate housing, including on issues related to inheritance, land and property, and to pay special attention to conceptual tensions between the immediate obligations of States to ensure women's right to equality and the "progressive realization" obligation of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The Special Rapporteur also encourages the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women to adopt a general recommendation on women's right to adequate housing, including issues related to inheritance, land and property.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- Women
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Women and their right to adequate housing 2012, para. 77
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur encourages the Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice to document best practices with respect to women and the right to adequate housing, within the scope of its mandate to promote and exchange views on best practices related to the elimination of laws that discriminate against women or are discriminatory to women in terms of implementation or impact. The Special Rapporteur also encourages the Working Group to make recommendations for the improvement of housing legislation and its implementation, within the scope of its mandate to contribute to the realization of the Millennium Development Goals, in particular Goal 3 on the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of women.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Women
- Año
- 2012
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Analysis of two alternative housing policies: rental and collective housing 2013, para. 68b (iii)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In that context, she makes the following recommendations:] Rental tenure should be encouraged: States should provide housing support mechanisms for low-income households or households with irregular income, including by providing rent allowances; establishing a housing benefit system and guaranteeing funds to cover the costs arising from the non-payment of rent and service payments of the most vulnerable; and providing tenancy protection and rent control legislation;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Analysis of two alternative housing policies: rental and collective housing 2013, para. 68b (v)
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur calls for a paradigm shift from the financialization of housing to a human rights-based approach to housing policies. In that context, she makes the following recommendations:] Rental tenure should be encouraged: States should encourage and support the use of standardized rental contracts, in order to reduce the number and severity of disputes between landlords and tenants. To that end, standard forms of contracts should be freely available and widely distributed and should not require notary approval;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Guiding Principles on security of tenure for the urban poor 2014, para. 4b
- Paragraph text
- [Property has a vital social function including adequate housing of the urban poor. States should balance property rights with the social function of property in designing and implementing housing and other relevant policies. In particular, States, including relevant authorities, should promote access to secure and well-located housing for the urban poor through, inter alia, the following measures:] Conduct assessments of spatial needs to house the urban poor, including homeless persons, taking into account current and anticipated trends;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Guiding Principles on security of tenure for the urban poor 2014, para. 4g
- Paragraph text
- [Property has a vital social function including adequate housing of the urban poor. States should balance property rights with the social function of property in designing and implementing housing and other relevant policies. In particular, States, including relevant authorities, should promote access to secure and well-located housing for the urban poor through, inter alia, the following measures:] Adopt measures to regulate the housing finance market and financial institutions.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Poverty
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2014
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Centrality of the right to adequate housing for the development and implementation of the New Urban Agenda to be adopted at Habitat III in October 2016 2015, para. 76e
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that the urban rights agenda should:] Reflect the experiences of city residents and establish a process of ongoing participation and engagement, particularly with those who currently lack access to adequate housing. Access to justice should be ensured for all aspects of the right to adequate housing. Human rights institutions, ombudspersons and other human rights bodies should be actively engaged in promoting and protecting the right to housing at the city level;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to life and the right to adequate housing: the indivisibility and interdependence between these rights 2016, para. 69
- Paragraph text
- Assessing whether States have violated rights in these circumstances does not only mean considering whether actions of States caused a deprivation of life but also, and more fundamentally, whether there are actions which States can reasonably be expected to take to address such deprivations. Some violations of the rights to life and adequate housing may be subject to immediate remedy; others may require longer-term solutions but, regardless, access to justice must be ensured and the rights to life and adequate housing must be realized.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to life and the right to adequate housing: the indivisibility and interdependence between these rights 2016, para. 70
- Paragraph text
- The narrowing of the right to life to a negative rights framework has deprived millions of already disadvantaged individuals of the full protection of this core right. In many domestic contexts, the right to housing may not be enshrined in law and cannot be claimed directly, whereas the right to life appears in most constitutions. In this context, a narrow interpretation of the right to life may prevent someone who is homeless or suffering severe housing inadequacy from making any human rights claim whatsoever. On the other hand, where the right to adequate housing is explicitly protected as a self-standing constitutional right, it is more effectively enforced by courts when connected to the right to life. Making this connection allows courts to better assess whether adequate resources have been allocated and reasonable measures taken in accordance with core human rights values.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Responsibilities of local and other subnational governments in relation to the right to adequate housing 2015, para. 76e
- Paragraph text
- [In line with the above-mentioned conclusions, the Special Rapporteur wishes to offer the following recommendations:] Any processes of decentralization in relation to housing should be guided and informed by human rights, in particular the right to adequate housing. Transfers of responsibility for housing or other programmes from one level of government to another should be accompanied by a clarification of concomitant human rights obligations including requirements of monitoring and accountability.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- N.A.
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
The right to life and the right to adequate housing: the indivisibility and interdependence between these rights 2016, para. 67
- Paragraph text
- Advances in the understanding of the right to life and the right to adequate housing by regional bodies and domestic courts provide a solid platform for a reunified approach to these rights at the international level, consistent with the principles of universality, indivisibility and interdependence. More importantly, rights holders living the connection between the right to life and the right to adequate housing must have their claims heard and responded to. The international human rights system must lead, not resist, the move towards a more inclusive understanding of these rights.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Social & Cultural Rights
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Homelessness as a global human rights crisis that demands an urgent global response 2016, para. 92c
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur offers the following recommendations to other actors:] Lawyers and advocates must work closely with homeless people and their representatives to ensure that homelessness is addressed as a human rights violation through any available avenues. The judiciary must develop its capacity and commitment to adjudicating these claims, including where the claims seek a remedy requiring positive measures. In this context, States must refrain from adopting positions in litigation that are contrary to international human rights law.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
On the Declaration on human rights defenders 2011, para. 102
- Paragraph text
- States should ensure that security legislation is not applied against human rights defenders as a means to prevent their human rights work. States must guarantee the possibility for human rights defenders to effectively monitor the application of security legislation. In the context of the arrest and detention of a person under security legislation, defenders should, at a minimum, have regular access to the detainee and to basic information on the substance of the charges on which the detainee is held.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
On the Declaration on human rights defenders 2011, para. 97d
- Paragraph text
- [Regarding registration laws and procedures, the Special Rapporteur recommends that:] In the event of the adoption of a new law concerning civil society organizations, all previously registered non-governmental organizations be considered as continuing to operate legally and be provided with fast track procedures to update their registration. Unless a new law is adopted, existing laws governing the registration of civil society organizations should not require that organizations re-register periodically;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Large-scale development project and human rights defenders 2013, para. 79
- Paragraph text
- In order for defenders to play such a role, State and non-State actors responsible for large-scale development projects need to engage with stakeholders, including affected communities and those defending their human rights, in good faith. A human rights-based approach to development requires this; if stakeholders are not engaged in good faith, the process remains a formality and an opportunity will be lost in terms of improving relations and defusing tensions among stakeholders and ensuring sustainable and people-centred development, as well as in terms of the sustainability of the project itself.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Large-scale development project and human rights defenders 2013, para. 84b
- Paragraph text
- Donors and investors should:] In the same vein, make human rights impact assessments a requirement for obtaining funding, and ensure the inclusion of proper mitigation strategies (including for setting up project- or company-level accountability and grievance mechanisms) and realistic assessments of whether a project can be implemented without causing an adverse impact on the human rights of those affected, recognizing that such an impact is unacceptable and should not be funded;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Global trends in risks and threats facing human rights defenders 2015, para. 91
- Paragraph text
- Nevertheless, in very many countries, defending and promoting human rights remain an extraordinarily dangerous activity. Nevertheless, that activity is a universally recognized right that all actors are duty-bound to protect as a routine fact of life. The consultations showed the importance of a human rights education for ensuring that society as a whole recognizes the role and contribution of actions undertaken by teachers, lawyers, journalists, employees of nongovernmental organizations, and ordinary citizens. We need not just to recall the commitment of all the actors involved, but also ensure that such decisions are followed by concrete steps to enable defenders, with peace of mind, to go about promoting and protecting the human rights and freedoms that every society needs.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Education
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Workplan and Future Activities of the Special Rapporteur 2015, para. 124f
- Paragraph text
- [Member States should:] Pay particular attention to the most exposed groups: those who work for economic, social and cultural rights or minority rights; environmental defenders; defenders of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex rights; women defenders and those who work for women's rights; defenders who work in the area of business and human rights; those who work in an area exposed to internal conflict or a natural disaster; defenders living in isolated regions; and defenders working on past abuses, such as the families of victims of enforced disappearance;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Humanitarian
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- LGBTQI+
- Women
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Global trends in risks and threats facing human rights defenders 2015, para. 93a
- Paragraph text
- [The Special Rapporteur recommends that States adopt the following measures:] Do more to disseminate the work of defenders and to support their work through campaigns and specific communication and information activities that pay tribute, in particular, to the contributions made by certain categories of defender, such as women; defenders of the rights of lesbian, homosexual, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons; defenders working in the area of corporate social responsibility and land-related rights; defenders of the rights of minorities and indigenous peoples; and defenders who combat impunity and corruption;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Activists
- Ethnic minorities
- LGBTQI+
- Women
- Año
- 2015
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Corporate responsibility with respect to indigenous rights 2010, para. 89
- Paragraph text
- Without prejudice to the principle that States bear the main responsibility to consult, companies must respect the strengthened right of indigenous peoples to participate in decisions affecting them by ensuring adequate mechanisms for consultation and dialogue with them. Here, the purpose of consultations with indigenous peoples should be to seek consensus on key aspects such as identification of the potential negative impact of the activities, measures to mitigate and compensate for such impact, and mechanisms for sharing the benefits derived from the activities. Once again, if companies wish to exercise due diligence, they must ensure that the consultations they hold are based on the criteria laid down in international rules, especially when the States in which they operate provide inadequate legal regulations, or none at all.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Corporate responsibility with respect to indigenous rights 2010, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- The principle of due diligence also requires that companies recognize the duty of States to consult indigenous peoples (and, in some case, to obtain their consent) prior to the adoption of measures that may affect them directly, and in particular in relation to projects that affect their traditional territories. Companies must not attempt to replace Governments in situations where international standards require Governments to bear direct responsibility for holding consultations; indeed, they must promote the full assumption by Governments of such responsibility.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Corporate responsibility with respect to indigenous rights 2010, para. 90
- Paragraph text
- An adequate consulting process requires full information on the planned corporate activity, which means, first of all, that impact studies must be conducted prior to the implementation of the project. From a human rights standpoint, such studies, conducted by independent technical experts under State supervision, must consider all possible negative impacts on the rights, of whatever kind, of the indigenous communities concerned. Impact studies must also identify possible ways of mitigating those impacts. In the event that such solutions do not exist or are not technically feasible, companies must compensate for all types of damage sustained by the indigenous peoples concerned.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Equality & Inclusion
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2010
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Extractive industries operating within or near indigenous territories 2011, para. 83
- Paragraph text
- The many responses received from Governments, indigenous peoples and organizations, business corporations and other actors to the questionnaire distributed by the Special Rapporteur in 2011 point to a state of shared awareness and concern about the past negative effects of extractive operations for indigenous peoples in many situations, in the light of the particular attachment of indigenous peoples to their traditional lands, territories and natural resources. However, the responses to the questionnaire also provide a strong indication of the existence of conflicting points of view concerning the potential adverse impact and benefits of extractive or development projects in indigenous territories; the practical implications in this context of international standards affirming the rights of indigenous peoples, and the kind of measures required to fulfil the responsibilities of States, corporate actors and indigenous peoples themselves.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Extractive industries operating within or near indigenous territories 2011, para. 86
- Paragraph text
- The Special Rapporteur considers that his mandate is well placed within the wider United Nations human rights system to promote the operationalization of indigenous peoples' rights and related institutional guarantees in the context of resource extraction and development operations, in a manner that builds on the work of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises. This effort could be pursued through the development of specific guidelines or principles aimed at helping States, corporate actors and indigenous peoples in fulfilling the responsibilities that arise from international indigenous rights standards. In the Special Rapporteur's view, this task is entirely within and will significantly contribute to the fulfilment of his mandate to examine ways and means of overcoming existing obstacles to the full and effective protection of the rights of indigenous peoples and to identify, exchange and promote best practices.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Environment
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2011
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Strengthening commitment to the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and its implementation 2013, para. 87
- Paragraph text
- The Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples is the principal normative frame of reference for all aspects of the work of the Special Rapporteur. Despite expressions of commitment on the part of States to the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and significant positive developments worldwide, a great deal remains to be done to see the objectives of the Declaration become a reality in the everyday lives of indigenous peoples of the world. Among many States and other powerful actors commitment to the Declaration is weakened by certain ambiguities and positions about the status and content of the Declaration.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Ethnic minorities
- Año
- 2013
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Torture, ill-treatment and coercion during interviews/ Universal protocol for non-coercive, ethically sound, evidence-based and empirically founded interviewing practices 2016, para. 103
- Paragraph text
- The protocol ought to elaborate on a fundamental set of standards and procedural safeguards designed to protect the physical and mental integrity of all persons during questioning. In this respect, the Special Rapporteur calls upon States to consider adopting the elements considered herein (without prejudice to other elements suggested by experts and stakeholders), which should apply, as a matter of law and policy, at a minimum, to all interviews by law enforcement officials and other intelligence, military and administrative bodies with an investigative mandate, as well to those conducted by private contractors and other proxy agents of the State. The protocol should also provide for accountability mechanisms and appropriate remedies for victims.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- All
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Integrating a gender perspective in the right to food 2016, para. 88
- Paragraph text
- Over the last few decades, women have broadened and deepened their involvement in agricultural production as they increasingly shoulder the responsibility for household survival and respond to economic opportunities in commercial agriculture. This phenomenon brought the argument about gender gap in agriculture, where women's productivity as farmers falls behind that of men, and where women remains less food secure, despite their dominant role is food production. This gender gap occurs because of cultural, legal, and economic barriers, so and eliminating this discrepancy requires a holistic understanding that responds to structural discrimination and failed implementation of attempted solutions. For instance, while international development has focused on providing technical training and access to new agricultural technologies for women, there has been a lack of focus on providing women with land rights and sufficient financial resources. Moreover, women's responsibility in relation to household food security, simply feeding family and community is totally excluded from such technical and economistic solution.
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Economic Rights
- Equality & Inclusion
- Food & Nutrition
- Gender
- Personas afectadas
- Women
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Gender perspectives on torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment 2016, para. 70o
- Paragraph text
- [With regard to women, girls, and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons in detention, the Special Rapporteur calls on all States to:] When the detention of children with their mothers in prison is unavoidable,implement effective safeguards, including regular monitoring and review of every case to ensure that the children are never treated like prisoners; ensure that the full range of the children's needs, whether medical, physical, psychological or educational, including living conditions that are adequate for a child's development, are guaranteed in practice;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Equality & Inclusion
- Gender
- Personas afectadas
- Children
- Girls
- LGBTQI+
- Women
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Gender perspectives on torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment 2016, para. 70e
- Paragraph text
- [With regard to women, girls, and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons in detention, the Special Rapporteur calls on all States to:] Divert women and girls away from the criminal justice system and towards appropriate services and programmes, whenever appropriate, and implement alternatives to detention such as absolute or conditional discharge, verbal sanctions, arbitrated settlements, restitution to the victim or a compensation order, community service orders, victim-offender mediation, family group conferences, sentencing circles, drug rehabilitation programmes and other restorative processes, services and programmes;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Civil & Political Rights
- Gender
- Governance & Rule of Law
- Personas afectadas
- Girls
- LGBTQI+
- Women
- Año
- 2016
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo
Effects of pesticides on the right to food 2017, para. 107q
- Paragraph text
- [States should:] Encourage the pesticide industry to develop alternative pest management approaches;
- Organismo
- Special Rapporteur on the right to food
- Tipo de documento
- Special Procedures' report
- Temas
- Environment
- Food & Nutrition
- Health
- Personas afectadas
- N.A.
- Año
- 2017
- Tipo de párrafo
- Conclusion / Recommendation
Párrafo